{"doi":"10.1126/science.1243167","title":"Long-Range Balanced Electron- and Hole-Transport Lengths in Organic-Inorganic CH\n            <sub>3</sub>\n            NH\n            <sub>3</sub>\n            PbI\n            <sub>3</sub>","abstract":"Low-temperature solution-processed photovoltaics suffer from low efficiencies because of poor exciton or electron-hole diffusion lengths (typically about 10 nanometers). Recent reports of highly efficient CH3NH3PbI3-based solar cells in a broad range of configurations raise a compelling case for understanding the fundamental photophysical mechanisms in these materials. By applying femtosecond transient optical spectroscopy to bilayers that interface this perovskite with either selective-electron or selective-hole extraction materials, we have uncovered concrete evidence of balanced long-range electron-hole diffusion lengths of at least 100 nanometers in solution-processed CH3NH3PbI3. The high photoconversion efficiencies of these systems stem from the comparable optical absorption length and charge-carrier diffusion lengths, transcending the traditional constraints of solution-processed semiconductors.","journal":"Science","year":2013,"id":8699,"datarank":21.62983010946591,"base_score":8.813884558025606,"endowment":8.813884558025606,"self_citation_contribution":1.322082683703841,"citation_network_contribution":20.30774742576207,"self_endowment_contribution":1.322082683703841,"citer_contribution":20.30774742576207,"corpus_percentile":94.5,"corpus_rank":1554,"citation_count":6726,"citer_count":168,"citers_with_citation_signal":168,"citers_with_endowment":168,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2013-10-18","authors":[{"id":75131,"name":"Nripan Mathews","orcid":"0000-0001-5234-0822","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75132,"name":"Shuangyong Sun","orcid":"0000-0002-8108-0254","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75133,"name":"Swee Sien Lim","orcid":"0000-0003-4930-3718","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75134,"name":"Yeng Ming Lam","orcid":"0000-0001-9390-8074","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":45377,"name":"Michael Grätzel","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75135,"name":"Subodh Mhaisalkar","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75136,"name":"Tze Chien Sum","orcid":"0000-0003-4049-2719","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":45379,"name":"Michaël Grätzel","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75137,"name":"Subodh G. Mhaisalkar","orcid":"0000-0002-9895-2426","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75130,"name":"Guichuan Xing","orcid":"0000-0003-2769-8659","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}