{"doi":"10.1126/science.1133734","title":"Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Phase Transition in HgTe Quantum Wells","abstract":"We show that the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, a state of matter with topological properties distinct from those of conventional insulators, can be realized in mercury telluride-cadmium telluride semiconductor quantum wells. When the thickness of the quantum well is varied, the electronic state changes from a normal to an \"inverted\" type at a critical thickness d(c). We show that this transition is a topological quantum phase transition between a conventional insulating phase and a phase exhibiting the QSH effect with a single pair of helical edge states. We also discuss methods for experimental detection of the QSH effect.","journal":"Science","year":2006,"id":9510,"datarank":21.699645964946562,"base_score":8.856945756159021,"endowment":8.856945756159021,"self_citation_contribution":1.3285418634238533,"citation_network_contribution":20.371104101522707,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3285418634238533,"citer_contribution":20.371104101522707,"corpus_percentile":94.3,"corpus_rank":1656,"citation_count":7022,"citer_count":172,"citers_with_citation_signal":172,"citers_with_endowment":172,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2006-12-15","authors":[{"id":79783,"name":"Taylor L. Hughes","orcid":"0000-0002-1523-389X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":79784,"name":"Shou-Cheng Zhang","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":79782,"name":"B. Andrei Bernevig","orcid":"0000-0001-6337-4024","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":30,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}