{"doi":"10.1126/science.1102896","title":"Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films","abstract":"We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10(13) per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of approximately 10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.","journal":"Science","year":2004,"id":5860,"datarank":24.48214758822743,"base_score":11.087191320814231,"endowment":11.087191320814231,"self_citation_contribution":1.6630786981221348,"citation_network_contribution":22.819068890105296,"self_endowment_contribution":1.6630786981221348,"citer_contribution":22.819068890105296,"corpus_percentile":99.6,"corpus_rank":35,"citation_count":65328,"citer_count":181,"citers_with_citation_signal":181,"citers_with_endowment":181,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2004-10-22","authors":[{"id":2940,"name":"A. K. Geim","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2941,"name":"S. V. Morozov","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2942,"name":"D. Jiang","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3180,"name":"Y. Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-6274-7714","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2945,"name":"S. V. Dubonos","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2944,"name":"I. V. Grigorieva","orcid":"0000-0001-5991-7778","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2946,"name":"A. A. Firsov","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2947,"name":"Kostya S. Novoselov","orcid":"0000-0003-4972-5371","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2948,"name":"A. K. Geǐm","orcid":"0000-0003-2861-8331","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2949,"name":"С. В. Морозов","orcid":"0000-0003-3075-7787","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2950,"name":"Da Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-4341-2289","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2951,"name":"А. А. Firsov","orcid":"0000-0002-9530-874X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2939,"name":"K. S. Novoselov","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":20,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}