{"doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adg1082","title":"Immune engineered extracellular vesicles to modulate T cell activation in the context of type 1 diabetes","abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can affect immune responses through antigen presentation and costimulation or coinhibition. We generated designer EVs to modulate T cells in the context of type 1 diabetes, a T cell–mediated autoimmune disease, by engineering a lymphoblast cell line, K562, to express HLA-A*02 (HLA-A2) alongside costimulatory CD80 and/or coinhibitory programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). EVs presenting HLA-A2 and CD80 activated CD8 + T cells in a dose, antigen, and HLA-specific manner. Adding PD-L1 to these EVs produced an immunoregulatory response, reducing CD8 + T cell activation and cytotoxicity in vitro. EVs alone could not stimulate T cells without antigen-presenting cells. EVs lacking CD80 were ineffective at modulating CD8 + T cell activation, suggesting that both peptide-HLA complex and costimulation are required for EV-mediated immune modulation. These results provide mechanistic insight into the rational design of EVs as a cell-free approach to immunotherapy that can be tailored to promote inflammatory or tolerogenic immune responses.","journal":"Science Advances","year":2023,"id":325059,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":32,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9506,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":356514,"name":"Leeana D. Peters","orcid":"0000-0002-7878-0014","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":991209,"name":"Thinzar Soe Myint","orcid":"0000-0002-5796-9360","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1041995,"name":"Dylan Smurlick","orcid":"0000-0003-4551-8885","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1041996,"name":"Andrece Powell","orcid":"0009-0006-3847-3526","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":356521,"name":"Todd M. Brusko","orcid":"0000-0003-2878-9296","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":291776,"name":"Edward A. Phelps","orcid":"0000-0001-8666-805X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":665379,"name":"Matthew W. Becker","orcid":"0000-0002-3071-7171","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":79,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:08:16.809511Z","pmid":"37267353","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}