{"doi":"10.1111/vop.12998","title":"An unusual inherited electroretinogram feature with an exaggerated negative component in dogs","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To assess an inherited abnormal negative response electroretinogram (NRE) that originated in a family of Papillon dogs. ANIMALS STUDIED: Thirty-eight dogs (Papillons, or Papillon cross Beagles or Beagles). PROCEDURES: Dogs underwent routine ophthalmic examination and a detailed dark-adapted, light-adapted and On-Off electroretinographic study. Vision was assessed using a four-choice exit device. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed on a subset of dogs. Two affected males were outcrossed to investigate the mode of inheritance of the phenotype. RESULTS: The affected dogs had an increased underlying negative component to the ERG. This was most pronounced in the light-adapted ERG, resulting in a reduced b-wave and an exaggerated photopic negative response (PhNR). Changes were more pronounced with stronger flashes. Similarly, the On-response of the On-Off ERG had a reduced b-wave and a large post-b-wave negative component. The dark-adapted ERG had a significant increase in the scotopic threshold response (STR) and a significant reduction in the b:a-wave ratio. Significant changes could be detected at 2 months of age but became more pronounced with age. Vision testing using a four-choice device showed affected dogs had reduced visual performance under the brightest light condition. There was no evidence of a degenerative process in the affected dogs up to 8.5 years of age. Test breeding results suggested the NRE phenotype had an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. CONCLUSIONS: We describe an inherited ERG phenotype in Papillon dogs characterized by an underlying negative component affecting both dark- and light-adapted ERG responses.","journal":"Veterinary Ophthalmology","year":2022,"id":291099,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8203,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":727664,"name":"Nate Pasmanter","orcid":"0000-0002-3170-7055","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294818,"name":"Laurence M. Occelli","orcid":"0000-0002-1568-4527","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":974376,"name":"Kristen J. Gervais","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":486640,"name":"Freya M. Mowat","orcid":"0000-0002-8726-8768","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":728128,"name":"Janice Querubin","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294817,"name":"Paige A. Winkler","orcid":"0000-0001-9646-2995","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294819,"name":"Simon M. Petersen‐Jones","orcid":"0000-0002-7410-2304","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:30:34.502076Z","pmid":"35713167","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}