{"doi":"10.1111/ppe.12866","title":"Menstrual cycle length and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in Project Viva","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies suggest that menstrual cycle length may be a risk marker of adverse pregnancy outcomes, but this evidence is susceptible to recall bias. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prospective association between menstrual cycle length and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Secondary analysis of 2046 women enrolled in Project Viva at ~10 weeks of gestation and followed through delivery. The exposure was menstrual cycle length. The outcomes included gestational glucose tolerance (gestational diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance [GDM/IGT] and isolated hyperglycaemia), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (gestational hypertension/preeclampsia), gestational weight gain, birthweight-for-gestational age z-scores (BWZ) categorised in tertiles, preterm birth and birth outcome (live birth and pregnancy loss). We used modified Poisson and multinomial logistic regression adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, parity, age at menarche and pre-pregnancy body mass index. RESULTS: Mean (SD) age at enrolment was 32.1 (4.9) years. Most women (74.3%) had a cycle length of 26-34 days (reference group), 16.2% reported short cycles (≤25 days), and 9.5% reported long/irregular cycles (≥35 days/too irregular to estimate). Compared with the reference group, women with short cycles had lower odds of GDM/IGT (odds ratio [OR] 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28, 0.89), whereas women with long/irregular cycles had higher odds (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.04, 2.83). Additionally, women with short cycles had higher odds of having a newborn in the lowest tertile of BWZ (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06, 1.98). There was a U-shaped relation between cycle length and preterm birth with both short (relative risk [RR] 1.49, 95% CI 0.98, 2.27) and long/irregular (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.30, 3.20) cycles, associated with a higher risk. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in menstrual cycle length may be a risk marker of GDM/IGT, lower birth size and preterm birth and flag women who may benefit from targeted monitoring and care before and during pregnancy.","journal":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology","year":2022,"id":263969,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7229,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":301092,"name":"Wei Perng","orcid":"0000-0001-8552-6850","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254530,"name":"Sheryl L. Rifas‐Shiman","orcid":"0000-0003-0033-920X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230358,"name":"Marie‐France Hivert","orcid":"0000-0001-7752-2585","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104573,"name":"Jorge E. Chavarro","orcid":"0000-0002-4436-9630","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":239883,"name":"Emily Oken","orcid":"0000-0003-2513-3339","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":499426,"name":"Diana C. Soria‐Contreras","orcid":"0000-0001-5783-5365","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":43,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:26:37.567338Z","pmid":"35172020","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}