{"doi":"10.1111/pedi.13097","title":"Markers of cholesterol synthesis are elevated in adolescents and young adults with type 2 diabetes","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Changes in cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis may promote dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE: To assess cholesterol synthesis and absorption in lean individuals, obese individuals, and individuals with T2DM. METHODS: We measured lathosterol and lanosterol (markers of cholesterol synthesis) as well as campesterol and β-sitosterol (markers of cholesterol absorption) in the serum of 15 to 26 years old individuals with T2DM (n = 95), as well as their lean (n = 98) and obese (n = 92) controls. RESULTS: Individuals with T2DM showed a 51% increase in lathosterol and a 65% increase in lanosterol compared to lean controls. Similarly, obese individuals showed a 31% increase in lathosterol compared to lean controls. Lathosterol and lanosterol were positively correlated with body mass index, fasting insulin and glucose, serum triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol. In contrast, campesterol and β-sitosterol were not altered in individuals with T2DM. Moreover, campesterol and β-sitosterol were negatively correlated with body mass index, fasting insulin, and C-reactive protein and were positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents and young adults with T2DM show evidence of increased cholesterol synthesis compared to non-diabetic lean controls. These findings suggest that T2DM may promote cardiovascular disease by increasing cholesterol synthesis, and provide additional rationale for the use of cholesterol synthesis inhibitors in this group.","journal":"Pediatric Diabetes","year":2020,"id":83573,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9591,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":430020,"name":"Amy E. Levenson","orcid":"0000-0001-8072-8592","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430021,"name":"Joanna Krawczyk","orcid":"0000-0001-8263-1890","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430022,"name":"Kevin Bullock","orcid":"0000-0002-6494-7290","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430023,"name":"Kathryn Williams","orcid":"0000-0002-4687-3961","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430024,"name":"R. Paul Wadwa","orcid":"0000-0002-4139-2122","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376549,"name":"Philip R. Khoury","orcid":"0000-0003-2611-8835","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430025,"name":"Thomas R. Kimball","orcid":"0000-0001-5428-4182","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310337,"name":"Elaine M. Urbina","orcid":"0000-0002-5640-6777","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20111,"name":"Sarah D. de Ferranti","orcid":"0000-0002-8561-6781","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":42063,"name":"David M. Maahs","orcid":"0000-0002-4602-7909","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420327,"name":"Lawrence M. Dolan","orcid":"0000-0002-5359-0636","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406587,"name":"Amy S. Shah","orcid":"0000-0001-7297-139X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6946,"name":"Clary B. Clish","orcid":"0000-0001-8259-9245","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":44571,"name":"Sudha B. Biddinger","orcid":"0000-0002-2352-067X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430019,"name":"Ivana Semova","orcid":"0000-0002-9754-1940","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":43,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:54:32.422022Z","pmid":"32738021","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}