{"doi":"10.1111/nyas.14343","title":"A sex‐balanced rodent model for evaluating phosphine inhalation toxicity","abstract":"Abstract Exposure to phosphine (PH 3 ), a common grain fumigant, is characterized by diverse nonspecific symptoms and a high mortality rate. Although PH 3 poisoning is thought to target oxidative respiration, the exact mechanism of action remains largely unknown, resulting in limited treatment options. In our study, the effects of PH 3 on female rats were assessed to elucidate potential sex‐specific differences and obtain a more comprehensive understanding of PH 3 toxicity. Lethality, physiology, and behavior were evaluated in female rats exposed to gaseous PH 3 (13,200–26,400 ppm × min), and results were compared with corresponding findings in male rats. Median lethal concentration‐time (LCt 50 ) and time of death ( t TOD ) did not differ significantly between the sexes. Cardiopulmonary changes induced by PH 3 were also of comparable magnitude, although temporally, respiratory responses occurred earlier and cardiovascular variations manifested later in female rats. Behavioral observations corroborated physiological findings and indicated a response to hypoxic conditions and low cardiac output. Together, these results provided insights on the toxic mechanisms of PH 3 , in particular, its potential interference with oxygen transport and circulation.","journal":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","year":2020,"id":115588,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.944,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":444885,"name":"Michelle Racine","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444886,"name":"Laura Jennings","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444890,"name":"Samuel A. Pierce","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444887,"name":"Justin Tressler","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444217,"name":"Bryan J. McCranor","orcid":"0000-0002-1573-5793","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444216,"name":"Benjamin Wong","orcid":"0000-0001-6593-278X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444888,"name":"Wing Y. Tuet","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:13:36.820928Z","pmid":"32242940","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}