{"doi":"10.1111/nph.16953","title":"Systemic propagation of immunity in plants","abstract":"<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Systemic immunity triggered by local plant–microbe interactions is studied as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) or induced systemic resistance (ISR) depending on the site of induction and the lifestyle of the inducing microorganism. SAR is induced by pathogens interacting with leaves, whereas ISR is induced by beneficial microbes interacting with roots. Although salicylic acid (SA) is a central component of SAR, additional signals exclusively promote systemic and not local immunity. These signals cooperate in SAR‐ and possibly also ISR‐associated signaling networks that regulate systemic immunity. The non‐SA SAR pathway is driven by pipecolic acid or its presumed bioactive derivative <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>‐hydroxy‐pipecolic acid. This pathway further regulates inter‐plant defense propagation through volatile organic compounds that are emitted by SAR‐induced plants and recognized as defense cues by neighboring plants. Both SAR and ISR influence phytohormone crosstalk towards enhanced defense against pathogens, which at the same time affects the composition of the plant microbiome. This potentially leads to further changes in plant defense, plant–microbe, and plant–plant interactions. Therefore, we propose that such inter‐organismic interactions could be combined in potentially highly effective plant protection strategies.</jats:p>","journal":"New Phytologist","year":2021,"id":22434,"datarank":7.158022154895617,"base_score":6.129050210060545,"endowment":6.129050210060545,"self_citation_contribution":0.919357531509082,"citation_network_contribution":6.238664623386535,"self_endowment_contribution":0.919357531509082,"citer_contribution":6.238664623386535,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":458,"citer_count":200,"citers_with_citation_signal":200,"citers_with_endowment":200,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":141037,"name":"Jennifer H. Sales","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141038,"name":"Miriam Lenk","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141039,"name":"Kornelia Bauer","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141040,"name":"Alessandro Brambilla","orcid":"0000-0002-7228-1177","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141041,"name":"Anna Sommer","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141042,"name":"Yuanyuan Chen","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141043,"name":"Marion Wenig","orcid":"0000-0002-1389-2939","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141044,"name":"Shahran Nayem","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141036,"name":"A. Corina Vlot","orcid":"0000-0002-8146-6018","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":6.129050210060545,"endowment":6.129050210060545,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"32978988","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3088540584","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"SFB924","title":null},{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"SPP2125","title":null},{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"unidentified","title":"unidentified"}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":49.2487,"citation_percentile":0.99920717,"influential_citations":20,"citation_trend":[{"year":2020,"count":2},{"year":2021,"count":31},{"year":2022,"count":67},{"year":2023,"count":113},{"year":2024,"count":114},{"year":2025,"count":100},{"year":2026,"count":31}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"HYBRID"},{"url":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32978988","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-muenchen.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=60374","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://push-zb.helmholtz-munich.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=60374","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.16953","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity","Plant Parasitism and Resistance","Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis","Biology","Medicine","Environmental Science","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences","Arabidopsis","Arabidopsis Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation, Plant","Plant Diseases","Plant Immunity","Salicylic Acid"],"mesh_terms":["Plant Diseases","Arabidopsis","Gene Expression Regulation, Plant","Salicylic Acid","Arabidopsis Proteins","Plant Immunity"],"keywords":["Plant Immunity","Immunity","Biology","Immune system","Immunology","Genetics","Gene","Arabidopsis","Priming","Salicylic acid (SA)","Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)","Pipecolic Acid","Systemic Acquired Resistance (Sar)","Plant Microbiome","Induced Systemic Resistance (Isr)","Induced Systemic Resistance (isr) ; Pipecolic Acid ; Plant Immunity ; Plant Microbiome ; Priming ; Salicylic Acid (sa) ; Systemic Acquired Resistance (sar) ; Volatile Organic Compounds (vocs)","Arabidopsis Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation, Plant","Salicylic Acid","Plant Diseases"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":2,"sdg_label":"2. Zero hunger"},{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-06T22:41:13.771723Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}