{"doi":"10.1111/mcn.13789","title":"Effect of Early‐Life Lipid‐Based Nutrient Supplement and Home Environment on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation at 9–11 Years: A Follow‐Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial","abstract":"Nutrition and the home environment contribute to the development of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, no study has examined the long-term effects of prenatal and postnatal small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) and home environment on ANS regulation. We investigated the effect of early-life SQ-LNS and home environment on ANS regulation at 9-11 years. Participants were children born to women who participated in a randomized controlled trial in Ghana from 2009 to 2014. Women were randomized to receive daily, from pregnancy until delivery, either SQ-LNS, multiple micronutrients (MMN) or iron and folic acid (IFA) followed by SQ-LNS, MMN or placebo, respectively, until 6 months postpartum. Infants in the SQ-LNS group received SQ-LNS from 6 to 18 months. Quality of home environment was observed at 4-6 and 9-11 years. At 9-11 years, 965 children had their respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre-ejection period (PEP) measured at baseline and during two inhibitory control tasks, the RACER Simon and Emotion Go/No-Go (EGNG) tasks. PEP reactivity to the RACER Simon task was greater in the MMN (-2.54 ± 4.45, p = 0.016) and SQ-LNS (-2.31 ± 4.94, p = 0.093) groups than in the IFA group (-1.57 ± 3.51). A better home environment at 4-6 predicted longer baseline PEP (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23, p = 0.016) and more PEP reactivity during the EGNG task (β = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.00, -0.02, p = 0.001). Prenatal micronutrient supplementation appears to increase SNS reactivity. Children raised in disadvantaged early home environments had more tonic SNS activation and less SNS reactivity, suggesting a predisposition for stronger fight-or-flight activation and less likelihood to modulate arousal in response to acute situations. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00970866.","journal":"Maternal and Child Nutrition","year":2024,"id":472746,"datarank":0.18359425748347383,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.018802414183257368,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.018802414183257368,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":2,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9584,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT00970866"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":605908,"name":"Seth Adu‐Afarwuah","orcid":"0000-0002-2720-5474","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1091716,"name":"Elizabeth L. Prado","orcid":"0000-0002-5388-081X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":372416,"name":"Amanda E. Guyer","orcid":"0000-0003-1817-8766","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370959,"name":"Charles D. Arnold","orcid":"0000-0001-6510-3172","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":605907,"name":"Kathryn G. Dewey","orcid":"0000-0002-4185-3451","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1091720,"name":"Benjamin Amponsah","orcid":"0000-0002-2597-4229","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1091718,"name":"Adom Manu","orcid":"0000-0002-1099-8623","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":458391,"name":"Brietta M. Oaks","orcid":"0000-0001-6056-0585","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1091715,"name":"Helena Bentil","orcid":"0000-0001-8728-6715","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274579,"name":"Helena Nti","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274580,"name":"Fatimah Bintu Ayete Labi","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1091717,"name":"Mavis Mensah","orcid":"0000-0003-2259-421X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1092176,"name":"Ebenezer Adjetey","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294702,"name":"Paul D. Hastings","orcid":"0000-0003-2978-7364","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274114,"name":"Lois Maame Donkor Aryee","orcid":"0000-0003-2016-1955","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":55,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:05:57.032095Z","pmid":"39679749","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}