{"doi":"10.1111/josh.13373","title":"Transforming Evidence Into Action: A Commentary on School‐Based Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention Research","abstract":"The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC) framework advances an intentional and integrated vision of policies, practices, and programs that support students' health and academic success across 10 components within school settings. WSCC promotes family and community engagement with schools and recognizes schools as key locations for equitable access to services for addressing health disparities and increasing healthy options for all students.1-3 This approach has some formal recognition in the United States; 18 states and the District of Columbia have statutes or regulations addressing WSCC or a coordinated school health approach, and another 17 include these concepts in noncodified policy language, such as nonbinding guidance, agreements, or procedures from state agencies.4 This special issue presents a decade of school-based physical activity (PA) and nutrition intervention research conducted across multiple WSCC components. Individually and collectively, these articles identified evidence-based strategies that can be implemented within schools and highlighted opportunities for future research focused on school-based PA and nutrition interventions. Here, we use the terms interventions and strategies interchangeably to describe changes to school policies, practices, or infrastructure. Across the systematic reviews in this special issue, we identified evidence-based strategies that affected student and employee PA and nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) and behaviors and were assessed for effectiveness among diverse student populations (eg, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, geography). Many of the evidence-based strategies identified in this special issue embedded key public health implementation practices in their approach, such as conducting self-assessments to identify school health strengths and weaknesses and guide action planning; establishing supportive infrastructure through school health councils, teams, coordinators, and leadership involvement; engaging those responsible for implementing programs (eg, teachers, staff) and those who experience interventions (eg, students, families) in school health assessments, infrastructure (eg, councils, teams), and program design; coordinating strategies across WSCC components; and using plans and policies to formalize and, ideally, sustain activities.5-10 We found evidence supporting existing recommendations for comprehensive school PA programs that include school-level PA policies, PE and recess during the school day, and focused PA interventions offered multiple times a week before or after school to increase student PA and, in some cases, reduce sedentary behavior.9, 14, 17, 22 Recommendations from national groups specific to comprehensive school PA program components may provide additional rationale to support adoption and implementation. For example, the Community Preventive Services Taskforce (CPSTF) recommends both classroom PA breaks and integrating PA into lesson plans as strategies to increase PA and promote attentiveness in class without requiring costly equipment.23, 24 CPSTF also recommends programs that facilitate active transportation to and from school to increase PA while connecting families, communities, and schools.25 In its recommendation for PE, CPSTF emphasizes curricular and teaching strategies to increase the time spent in moderate to vigorous PA.11 We also identified changes to school physical environment that may promote PA, such as enhancing green spaces, nature, and playgrounds, which included low-cost strategies such as painted play areas.19 We found that changes to the school environment such as enhanced green spaces resulted in social-emotional benefits such as prosocial play interactions.19 Furthermore, changes to school curricula and programming to include yoga and mindfulness activities resulted in mental health benefits for both students and staff.19 Health education delivered across all grade levels that includes hand","journal":"Journal of School Health","year":2023,"id":377525,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9479,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1141584,"name":"Osizwe Raena Jamila Harwell","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":709985,"name":"Sarah Sliwa","orcid":"0000-0002-7746-7181","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":762618,"name":"Georgianne Tiu Hawkins","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":941459,"name":"Shannon Michael","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406397,"name":"Caitlin Merlo","orcid":"0000-0001-8143-3243","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":707386,"name":"Seraphine Pitt Barnes","orcid":"0000-0002-5699-3748","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1131588,"name":"Chloe S. Chung","orcid":"0000-0002-7959-9321","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":952353,"name":"Kelly Cornett","orcid":"0000-0002-6879-6266","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":521762,"name":"Holly Hunt","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":761977,"name":"Sarah M. Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-1775-375X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:40.346877Z","pmid":"37670598","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}