{"doi":"10.1111/jop.12358","title":"Mutation scanning of <i><scp>BRAF</scp></i>,<i><scp>NRAS</scp></i>,<i><scp>KIT</scp>,</i> and <i><scp>GNAQ</scp></i>/<i><scp>GNA</scp>11</i> in oral mucosal melanoma: a study of 57 cases","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Recent advances in novel targeted therapies have created the need for molecular characterization of cancer to allow accurate personalized treatments. In this study, our aim was to investigate the incidence of activating mutations of oncogenes <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRAS</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIT</jats:styled-content>,</jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNAQ</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>/<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNA</jats:styled-content>11</jats:italic> in oral mucosal melanoma.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed a cohort of 57 oral mucosal melanoma samples, including 27 frozen samples and 30 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples. The tumors were screened for hotspot mutations of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> (exon 15), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRAS</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> (exons 2 and 3), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIT</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> (exons 9, 11, 13, and 17), and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNAQ</jats:styled-content>/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNA</jats:styled-content>11</jats:italic> (exon 5) by high‐resolution melting and direct sequencing.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>In oral mucosal melanoma, 7.0% of tumors harbored <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIT</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> mutations and 3.5% harbored <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> mutations, while classic <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> V600E mutation was not detected. We found no mutations of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRAS</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> or <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNAQ</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>/<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNA</jats:styled-content>11</jats:italic> in oral mucosal melanoma.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated that driver mutations are rare in mutational hotspots of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRAS</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIT</jats:styled-content>,</jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNAQ</jats:styled-content></jats:italic>/<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GNA</jats:styled-content>11</jats:italic> in oral mucosal melanoma. The majority of patients will not benefit from <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KIT</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF</jats:styled-content></jats:italic> inhibitors.</jats:p></jats:sec>","journal":"Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; Medicine","year":2016,"id":599900,"datarank":0.635115975689589,"base_score":4.23410650459726,"endowment":4.23410650459726,"self_citation_contribution":0.635115975689589,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.635115975689589,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":68,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1537669,"name":"Yunteng Wu","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383459,"name":"Chaojun Li","orcid":"0000-0001-9474-7321","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1537670,"name":"Runxiang Wang","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":79424,"name":"Hao Song","orcid":"0000-0002-2811-0370","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1537671,"name":"Guoxin Ren","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1013872,"name":"Wei Guo","orcid":"0000-0001-5294-5047","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1537668,"name":"Jiong Lyu","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-29T11:37:37.293287Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}