{"doi":"10.1111/jmp.12604","title":"Developing and validating SARS‐CoV‐2 assays for nonhuman primate surveillance","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: In early 2020, the California National Primate Research Center implemented surveillance to address the threat of SARS-CoV-2 infection in its nonhuman primate colony. MATERIALS/METHODS: To detect antiviral antibodies, multi-antigen assays were developed and validated on enzyme immunoassay and multiplex microbead immunofluorescent assay (MMIA) platforms. To detect viral RNA, RT-PCR was also performed. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Using a 4plex, antibody was identified in 16/16 experimentally infected animals; and specificity for spike, nucleocapsid, receptor binding domain, and whole virus antigens was 95.2%, 93.8%, 94.3%, and 97.1%, respectively on surveillance samples. Six laboratories compared this MMIA favorably with nine additional laboratory-developed or commercially available assays. Using a screen and confirm algorithm, 141 of the last 2441 surveillance samples were screen-reactive requiring confirmatory testing. Although 35 samples were reactive to either nucleocapsid or spike; none were reactive to both. Over 20 000 animals have been tested and no spontaneous infections have so far been confirmed across the NIH sponsored National Primate Research Centers.","journal":"Journal of Medical Primatology","year":2022,"id":286477,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9524,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":414777,"name":"Amanda B. Carpenter","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":414778,"name":"Peter B. Nham","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":414779,"name":"Bryson Halley","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":399793,"name":"Koen K. A. Van Rompay","orcid":"0000-0002-7375-1337","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246471,"name":"Jeffrey A. Roberts","orcid":"0000-0002-0159-6112","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":413410,"name":"JoAnn L. Yee","orcid":"0000-0002-5514-9836","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":13,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:52.825777Z","pmid":"35794847","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}