{"doi":"10.1111/jan.70393","title":"Timely Implementation of Patient‐Reported Outcomes in Clinical Care: Insights From Clinicians and Health Informatics Experts","abstract":"AIM: To explore the optimal timing of patient-reported outcome assessment, defined as the collection and use of patient-reported outcomes at clinically meaningful points such as before or during encounters, treatment initiation and follow-up, and to identify the facilitators and barriers to timely use. DESIGN: A qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals across diverse US health systems. METHODS: Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes related to the timing and implementation of patient-reported outcomes assessments. Interviews were analysed iteratively to develop a coding framework and synthesise overarching themes. RESULTS: Fourteen healthcare professionals, including nurse practitioners, cardiologists and health informatics experts across seven U.S. health systems from academic and community hospitals, were interviewed in February 2024. Three major themes emerged: (1) value proposition of timely patient-reported outcome data collection (2) key facilitators for timely implementation and (3) multilevel barriers. The value proposition focused on the use of patient-reported outcomes for prevention and active disease management. Critical facilitators for the timely implementation of patient-reported outcomes included the involvement of research and clinical coordinators, strategies for pre-visit and on-site patient-reported outcome collection, the use of standardised templates within EHRs and the alignment of patient-reported outcome collection with patients' long-term treatment goals. Finally, multilevel barriers included time constraints, patient-level challenges (e.g., fatigue, literacy, language) and systemic issues (e.g., technical limitations, lack of reimbursement and unclear guidelines). CONCLUSION: Timely collection and use of patient-reported outcomes is critical for improving symptom monitoring and supporting patient-centered clinical decision-making. However, multilevel barriers hinder consistent implementation across health care settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Integrating patient-reported outcomes into clinical workflows can improve the patient-centeredness of patient-healthcare professional interactions, and provide a more holistic picture of a patient's health status. Addressing barriers to patient-reported outcome implementation, including lack of time, poor health literacy and workflow integration barriers, is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) checklist, in accordance with EQUATOR Network guidelines. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public involvement: This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct or reporting.","journal":"Journal of Advanced Nursing","year":2025,"id":583310,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9622,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":872763,"name":"Jung A. Kang","orcid":"0000-0001-5192-7541","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495922,"name":"Kyle Reyes","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1270437,"name":"Stephanie Niño de Rivera","orcid":"0000-0002-3862-149X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1465013,"name":"Stacey Dai","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495923,"name":"Alicia Bacchus","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":73085,"name":"Anne C. Goldberg","orcid":"0000-0002-8876-099X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1317022,"name":"Janejira J. Chaiyasit","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1230992,"name":"Jordan Lindekens","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495924,"name":"Kimia Mirabbaszadeh","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495925,"name":"Yelitza Castanos","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1316658,"name":"Yashika Sharma","orcid":"0000-0003-0357-8249","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":469273,"name":"David Russell","orcid":"0000-0001-8433-0821","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272505,"name":"Ruth Masterson Creber","orcid":"0000-0002-4238-9902","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1278956,"name":"So Hyeon Bang","orcid":"0000-0002-6493-1950","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:03.725721Z","pmid":"41305927","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}