{"doi":"10.1111/irv.13143","title":"Prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness against outpatient illness during widespread circulation of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant, US Flu VE network","abstract":"BACKGROUND: We estimated combined protection conferred by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI). METHODS: During SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant circulation between October 2021 and April 2022, prospectively enrolled adult patients with outpatient ARI had respiratory and filter paper blood specimens collected for SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing and serology. Dried blood spots were tested for immunoglobulin-G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (NP) and spike protein receptor binding domain antigen using a validated multiplex bead assay. Evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection also included documented or self-reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. We used documented COVID-19 vaccination status to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) by multivariable logistic regression by prior infection status. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty-five (29%) of 1577 participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection at enrollment; 209 (46%) case-patients and 637 (57%) test-negative patients were NP seropositive, had documented previous laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, or self-reported prior infection. Among previously uninfected patients, three-dose VE was 97% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60%-99%) against Delta, but not statistically significant against Omicron. Among previously infected patients, three-dose VE was 57% (CI, 20%-76%) against Omicron; VE against Delta could not be estimated. CONCLUSIONS: Three mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses provided additional protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-associated illness among previously infected participants.","journal":"Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses","year":2023,"id":336277,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":19,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7348,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":909058,"name":"Fagen Xie","orcid":"0000-0002-1565-0490","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":763067,"name":"Ruchi Yadav","orcid":"0000-0002-4892-438X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":85417,"name":"Karen J. Wernli","orcid":"0000-0001-7945-0327","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226888,"name":"Emily T. Martin","orcid":"0000-0002-5771-8895","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105912,"name":"Edward A. Belongia","orcid":"0000-0001-7478-0415","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264491,"name":"Manjusha Gaglani","orcid":"0000-0002-3952-9230","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264489,"name":"Richard K. Zimmerman","orcid":"0000-0001-5941-6092","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105916,"name":"H. Keipp Talbot","orcid":"0000-0003-0141-1760","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225078,"name":"Natalie J. Thornburg","orcid":"0000-0003-3523-3616","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242317,"name":"Brendan Flannery","orcid":"0000-0001-5041-308X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1067165,"name":"US Flu VE Network Investigators","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":660407,"name":"Sara Y. Tartof","orcid":"0000-0003-2336-8476","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:10:17.243221Z","pmid":"37246146","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}