{"doi":"10.1111/imcb.12808","title":"Type I interferon induced during chronic viral infection favors B‐cell development in the thymus","abstract":"Chronic viral infections cause thymic involution yet the potential for broader, longer-term impact on thymic composition remains unexplored. Here we show that chronic, but not acute, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection promotes a unique population of immature B cells in the thymus. We show that chronic viral infection promotes signals within the thymus, including the expression of B-cell activating factor (BAFF), that favor the maturation of this population as these cells acquire expression of CD19 and immunoglobulin M. Mechanistically, type I interferon (IFN-I), predominantly IFNβ, signals to thymic hematopoietic cells, strongly delaying T-cell development at the earliest precursor stage. Furthermore, IFN-I signaling to the nonhematopoietic compartment provides a second signal essential to favor B-cell differentiation and maturation within the thymus. Importantly, chronic infection yields changes in the B-cell population for at least 50 days following infection, long after thymic atrophy has subsided. Thus, the inflammatory milieu induced by chronic viral infection has a profound, and long-lasting, effect on thymic composition leading to the generation of a novel population of thymic B cells.","journal":"Immunology and Cell Biology","year":2024,"id":468586,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9532,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":681626,"name":"Marie‐Ève Lebel","orcid":"0000-0002-8087-4810","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655335,"name":"H. Alex Feldman","orcid":"0000-0002-3281-2535","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681627,"name":"Stephanie A. Condotta","orcid":"0000-0001-9473-0976","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1301663,"name":"Mengqi Dong","orcid":"0000-0001-6246-3383","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":754527,"name":"Daniela Giordano","orcid":"0000-0001-8362-7017","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":274431,"name":"Stephen N. Waggoner","orcid":"0000-0001-9658-2874","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681630,"name":"Heather J. Melichar","orcid":"0000-0003-0951-334X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681628,"name":"Martin J. Richer","orcid":"0000-0002-5737-3217","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1302107,"name":"Stefanie F. Valbon","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":50,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:05:23.500722Z","pmid":"39009814","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}