{"doi":"10.1111/his.15204","title":"The histological spectrum and immunoprofile of head and neck NUT carcinoma: A multicentre series of 30 cases","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND AIM: Head and neck nuclear protein of testis carcinoma (HN-NUT) is a rare form of carcinoma diagnosed by NUT immunohistochemistry positivity and/or NUTM1 translocation. Although the prototype of HN-NUT is a primitive undifferentiated round cell tumour (URC) with immunopositivity for squamous markers, it is our observation that it may assume variant histology or immunoprofile. METHODS: We conducted a detailed clinicopathological review of a large retrospective cohort of 30 HN-NUT, aiming to expand its histological and immunohistochemical spectrum. RESULTS: The median age of patients with HN-NUT was 39 years (range = 17-86). It affected the sinonasal tract (43%), major salivary glands (20%), thyroid (13%), oral cavity (7%), larynx (7%), neck (7%) and nasopharynx (3%). Although most cases of HN-NUT (63%) contained a component of primitive URC tumour, 53% showed other histological features and 37% lacked a URC component altogether. Variant histological features included basaloid (33%), differentiated squamous/squamoid (37%), clear cell changes (13%), glandular differentiation (7%) and papillary architecture (10%), which could co-exist. While most HN-NUT were positive for keratins, p63 and p40, occasional cases (5-9%) were entirely negative. Immunopositivity for neuroendocrine markers and thyroid transcription factor-1 was observed in 33 and 36% of cases, respectively. The outcome of HN-NUT was dismal, with a 3-year disease specific survival of 38%. CONCLUSIONS: HN-NUT can affect individuals across a wide age range and arise from various head and neck sites. It exhibits a diverse spectrum of histological features and may be positive for neuroendocrine markers, potentially leading to underdiagnosis. A low threshold to perform NUT-specific tests is necessary to accurately diagnose HN-NUT.","journal":"Histopathology","year":2024,"id":432985,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7845,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1065581,"name":"Elan Hahn","orcid":"0000-0003-0685-7614","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":90763,"name":"Snjezana Doğan","orcid":"0000-0002-4905-8946","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1065580,"name":"Ilan Weinreb","orcid":"0000-0001-9552-3549","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242983,"name":"Brendan C. Dickson","orcid":"0000-0003-2269-6216","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1072308,"name":"Christina MacMillan","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255790,"name":"Nora Katabi","orcid":"0000-0003-2974-3046","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":70192,"name":"Kelly R. Magliocca","orcid":"0000-0002-3520-9694","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13486,"name":"Ronald Ghossein","orcid":"0000-0003-2802-8489","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250488,"name":"Bin Xu","orcid":"0000-0003-4638-9835","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":711812,"name":"Kartik Viswanathan","orcid":"0000-0003-0031-0001","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:39.937122Z","pmid":"38708903","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}