{"doi":"10.1111/epi.18239","title":"Preferential superficial cortical layer activation during seizure propagation","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Focal cortical seizures travel long distances from the onset zone, but the long-distance propagation pathways are uncertain. In vitro and in vivo imaging techniques have investigated the local spread of seizures but did not elucidate long-distance spread. Furthermore, classical studies in slices suggested seizure spread locally along deep cortical layers, whereas more recent in vivo imaging studies posit a role for superficial cortical layers in local spread. METHODS: We imaged seizure-activated neurons using activity reporter mice and measured local field potentials (LFPs) using microelectrode arrays to map cortical seizure propagation in awake mice. RESULTS: Frontal lobe onset seizures activate more neurons in superficial layers 2-3 than deep layers 5-6 throughout the cortex. LFP recordings demonstrate that seizures spread faster through the superficial than deep layers over long cortical distances of 3.5 mm. We also show that monosynaptically connected long-distance neurons are in the seizure circuit. SIGNIFICANCE: We propose that long-distance cortical seizure spread occurs preferentially via synaptically connected superficial cortical neurons.","journal":"Epilepsia","year":2024,"id":456965,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9516,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":684129,"name":"Shinnosuke Shiono","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1143500,"name":"Chengsan Sun","orcid":"0009-0002-6429-7846","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":832050,"name":"Edward Perez‐Reyes","orcid":"0000-0001-6237-3863","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":338031,"name":"Jaideep Kapur","orcid":"0000-0002-8608-1352","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":682461,"name":"Anastasia Brodovskaya","orcid":"0000-0002-0968-8927","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":54,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:03:32.516678Z","pmid":"39718688","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}