{"doi":"10.1111/epi.17988","title":"Comparative analysis of patients with new onset refractory status epilepticus preceded by fever (febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome) versus without prior fever: An interim analysis","abstract":"Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a subset of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) that involves a febrile infection prior to the onset of the refractory status epilepticus. It is unclear whether FIRES and non-FIRES NORSE are distinct conditions. Here, we compare 34 patients with FIRES to 30 patients with non-FIRES NORSE for demographics, clinical features, neuroimaging, and outcomes. Because patients with FIRES were younger than patients with non-FIRES NORSE (median = 28 vs. 48 years old, p = .048) and more likely cryptogenic (odds ratio = 6.89), we next ran a regression analysis using age or etiology as a covariate. Respiratory and gastrointestinal prodromes occurred more frequently in FIRES patients, but no difference was found for non-infection-related prodromes. Status epilepticus subtype, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and outcomes were similar. However, FIRES cases were more frequently cryptogenic; had higher CSF interleukin 6, CSF macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1a), and serum chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) levels; and received more antiseizure medications and immunotherapy. After controlling for age or etiology, no differences were observed in presenting symptoms and signs or inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that FIRES and non-FIRES NORSE are very similar conditions.","journal":"Epilepsia","year":2024,"id":424137,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":22,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9421,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1019349,"name":"Margaret Gopaul","orcid":"0000-0002-1329-3258","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1221054,"name":"Hannah Asbell","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1221055,"name":"Seyhmus Aydemir","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1220446,"name":"Maysaa Basha","orcid":"0000-0003-1561-1667","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":282272,"name":"Ayush Batra","orcid":"0000-0002-4783-5801","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1220447,"name":"Charlotte Damien","orcid":"0000-0002-8008-3947","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321439,"name":"Gregory S. 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