{"doi":"10.1111/apt.16630","title":"Prevalence, symptoms and risk factor profile of rumination syndrome and functional dyspepsia: a population‐based study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Rumination syndrome is a functional gastroduodenal disorder characterised by effortless regurgitation of recently ingested food. Emerging evidence reports duodenal eosinophilic inflammation in a subset, suggesting a shared pathophysiology with functional dyspepsia (FD). AIM: To assess the clinical features of rumination syndrome and FD in a community-based study. METHODS: We mailed a survey assessing gastrointestinal symptoms, diet and psychological symptoms to 9835 residents of Olmsted County, MN, USA in 2017-2018; diagnostic codes were obtained from linked clinical records. The two disorders were assessed as mutually exclusive in 'pure' forms with a separate overlap group, all compared to a control group not meeting criteria for either. Prevalence of associations, and univariate and independent associations with predictors were assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Prevalence of rumination syndrome and FD were 5.8% and 7.1%, respectively; the overlap was 3.83-times more likely than expected by chance. Independent predictors for rumination (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)) were female gender (1.79, 1.21-2.63), smoking (1.89, 1.28-2.78), gluten-free diet (1.58, 1.14-2.19), allergic rhinitis (1.45, 1.01-2.08) and depression (1.10, 1.05-1.16). FD was independently associated with female gender, depression, non-coeliac wheat sensitivity, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome and somatic symptoms. A similar reported efficacy (≥54%) of low fat or dairy-free diets was found with both disorders (P = 0.53 and P = 1.00, respectively). The strongest independent associations with overlapping FD and rumination syndrome were a history of rheumatoid arthritis (3.93, 1.28-12.06) and asthma (3.02, 1.44-6.34). CONCLUSION: Rumination syndrome overlaps with FD with a shared risk factor profile, suggesting a common pathophysiology.","journal":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics","year":2021,"id":167542,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":32,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8652,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":695052,"name":"Michael Jones","orcid":"0000-0003-0565-4938","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695053,"name":"Magnus Halland","orcid":"0000-0002-4767-0146","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695857,"name":"Linda M. Herrick","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695054,"name":"Rok Seon Choung","orcid":"0000-0002-3621-8816","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695055,"name":"Yuri A. Saito","orcid":"0000-0003-4155-6315","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695056,"name":"Marjorie M. Walker","orcid":"0000-0002-7788-0056","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237522,"name":"Joseph A. Murray","orcid":"0000-0003-1941-9090","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695057,"name":"Nicholas J. Talley","orcid":"0000-0003-2537-3092","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":665756,"name":"Mudar Zand Irani","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":117,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:45:58.359801Z","pmid":"34626489","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}