{"doi":"10.1111/aji.13606","title":"Pregnancy imparts distinct systemic adaptive immune function","abstract":"PROBLEM: Pregnancy represents a state of systemic immune activation that is primarily driven by alterations in circulating innate immune cells. Recent studies have suggested that cellular adaptive immune components, T cells and B cells, also undergo changes throughout gestation. However, the phenotypes and functions of such adaptive immune cells are poorly understood. Herein, we utilized high-dimensional flow cytometry and functional assays to characterize T-cell and B-cell responses in pregnant and non-pregnant women. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pregnant (n = 20) and non-pregnant (n = 25) women were used for phenotyping of T-cell and B-cell subsets. T-cell proliferation and B-cell activation were assessed by flow cytometry after in vitro stimulation, and lymphocyte cytotoxicity was evaluated by using a cell-based assay. Statistical comparisons were performed with linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: T cells from pregnant women showed increased activation-induced proliferation; yet, a reduced proportion of these cells expressed activation markers compared to non-pregnant women. There were no differences in peripheral lymphocyte cytotoxicity between study groups. A greater proportion of B cells from pregnant women displayed memory-like and activated phenotypes, and such cells exhibited higher activation following stimulation. CONCLUSION: Maternal circulating T cells and B cells display distinct responses during pregnancy. The former may reflect the unique capacity of T cells to respond to potential threats without undergoing aberrant activation, thereby preventing systemic inflammatory responses that can lead to adverse perinatal consequences.","journal":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","year":2022,"id":280878,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9576,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":236857,"name":"Roberto Romero","orcid":"0000-0002-4448-5121","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":120720,"name":"Yi Xu","orcid":"0000-0001-8894-525X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275419,"name":"Marcia Arenas‐Hernandez","orcid":"0000-0002-1178-6112","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275420,"name":"Derek Miller","orcid":"0000-0002-5812-7771","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":586126,"name":"Tao Li","orcid":"0000-0003-1531-358X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275422,"name":"José Galaz","orcid":"0000-0002-8160-8581","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":703134,"name":"Marcelo Farías","orcid":"0000-0003-0473-2295","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344426,"name":"Gaurav Bhatti","orcid":"0000-0002-8557-3347","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275421,"name":"Valeria Garcia‐Flores","orcid":"0000-0003-3243-1780","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":956229,"name":"Megan Seyerle","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236858,"name":"Adi L. Tarca","orcid":"0000-0003-1712-7588","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236861,"name":"Nardhy Gomez‐Lopez","orcid":"0000-0002-3406-5262","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":915216,"name":"Catherine Demery‐Poulos","orcid":"0009-0002-2349-3613","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":164,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:07.472902Z","pmid":"35989229","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}