{"doi":"10.1111/aji.13432","title":"Recent sexual violence exposure is associated with immune biomarkers of HIV susceptibility in women","abstract":"PROBLEM: HIV/AIDS and sexual violence act synergistically and compromise women's health. Yet, immuno-biological mechanisms linking sexual violence and increased HIV susceptibility are poorly understood. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study of HIV-uninfected women, comparing 13 women exposed to forced vaginal penetration within the past 12 weeks (Exposed) with 25 Non-Exposed women. ELISA assays were conducted for 49 biomarkers associated with HIV pathogenesis in plasma and cervicovaginal lavage (CVL). Differences between Exposed and Non-Exposed were analyzed by linear and logistic regression, using propensity score weighting to control for age, race, socioeconomic status, menstrual cycle, and contraceptive use. RESULTS: In CVL, Exposed women had significantly reduced chemokines MIP-3α (p < .01), MCP-1 (p < .01), and anti-HIV/wound-healing thrombospondin-1 (p = .03). They also had significantly increased inflammatory cytokine IL-1α (p < 0.01) and were more likely to have detectable wound-healing PDGF (p = .02). In plasma, Exposed women had reduced chemokines MIP-3α (p < .01) and IL-8 (p < .01), anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β (p = .02), anti-HIV/antimicrobial HBD-2 (p = .02), and wound-healing MMP-1 (p = 0.02). They also had increased thrombospondin-1 (p < .01) and Cathepsin B (p = .01). After applying the stringent method of false discovery rate adjustment, differences for IL-1α (p = .05) and MCP-1 (p = .03) in CVL and MIP-3α (p = .03) in plasma remained significant. CONCLUSIONS: We report systemic and mucosal immune dysregulation in women exposed to sexual violence. As these biomarkers have been associated with HIV pathogenesis, dysregulation may increase HIV susceptibility.","journal":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","year":2021,"id":191840,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9529,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":758218,"name":"Christopher Joy","orcid":"0000-0003-3595-5803","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758947,"name":"Jason Daniels","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758948,"name":"Mariel Jais","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":594732,"name":"Samuel J. Simmens","orcid":"0000-0001-7830-8003","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":394400,"name":"Manya Magnus","orcid":"0000-0002-6359-987X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758949,"name":"Afsoon Roberts","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758219,"name":"Kaleigh A. Connors","orcid":"0000-0002-7278-0590","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758950,"name":"Brendan Capozzi","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758951,"name":"Hani Mohamed","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758952,"name":"Monika Juzumaite","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758220,"name":"Heather K. DeVore","orcid":"0009-0009-7542-6309","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":555098,"name":"Theresa Moriarty","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758953,"name":"Catherine Hatch Schultz","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758954,"name":"Maria Zumer","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":489762,"name":"Gary L. Simon","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758221,"name":"Mimi Ghosh","orcid":"0000-0003-0029-9818","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758217,"name":"Annette Aldous","orcid":"0000-0003-1692-485X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":80,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:39.281850Z","pmid":"33894020","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}