{"doi":"10.1111/ajad.13390","title":"Seeing is believing: How cannabis marketing exposure is associated with cannabis use attitudes and behavior in a permissive medical cannabis policy environment","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Oklahoma has a fast-growing medical cannabis industry, showing a proliferation of industry marketing. While cannabis marketing exposure (CME) is a risk factor for cannabis use and positive attitudes about use, no studies have examined the impact of CME on attitudes and use behavior in a permissive cannabis policy environment, like Oklahoma. METHODS: N = 5428 Oklahoma adults ages 18 and older completed assessments of demographics, past 30-day cannabis use, and past 30-day exposure to each of four types of cannabis marketing: outdoor (billboards, signs), social media, print (magazines), and Internet. Regression models examined associations of CME with positive attitudes towards cannabis use, cannabis harm perceptions, interest in obtaining a medical cannabis license (among nonlicensed participants), and past 30-day cannabis use. RESULTS: Three quarters (74.5%) reported any past 30-day CME. Outdoor CME was most prevalent (61.1%), followed by social media (46.5%), Internet (46.1%), and print (35.2%). Correlates of CME included younger age, higher educational attainment and income, and medical cannabis license. In adjusted regression models, past 30-day CME and number of sources of CME were associated with current cannabis use behavior, positive attitudes about cannabis, lower cannabis harm perceptions, and greater interest in obtaining a medical cannabis license. Similar associations between CME and positive attitudes about cannabis were shown among noncannabis users. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Public health messaging should be employed to minimize the potential adverse impacts of CME. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: No studies have examined correlates of CME in a rapidly growing and relatively unrestrained marketing environment.","journal":"American Journal on Addictions","year":2023,"id":321156,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":45,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9613,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":761047,"name":"Adam C. Alexander","orcid":"0000-0003-1448-4205","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":694723,"name":"Sarah J. Ehlke","orcid":"0000-0001-7288-2418","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20321,"name":"Michael Smith","orcid":"0000-0001-5107-6441","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1033084,"name":"Bryce Lowery","orcid":"0000-0001-8359-9773","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":534868,"name":"Julia McQuoid","orcid":"0000-0003-0493-0478","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":870279,"name":"Darla E. Kendzor","orcid":"0000-0002-7273-1916","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479601,"name":"Amy M. Cohn","orcid":"0000-0001-9034-4293","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":26,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:07:32.611759Z","pmid":"36896798","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}