{"doi":"10.1109/tuffc.2025.3559458","title":"Respiratory Motion Effects and Mitigation Strategies on Boiling Histotripsy in Porcine Liver and Kidney","abstract":"Boiling histotripsy (BH) is a pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-based method of extracorporeal nonthermal tissue disintegration under real-time ultrasound (US) guidance. Respiratory motion in abdominal targets can affect BH precision and completeness. This study compares two motion mitigation strategies based on pulse/echo US motion tracking: robotic arm-based unidirectional motion compensation by HIFU transducer manipulation and BH pulse gating during expiratory pause. BH ablations were generated in the liver and kidney of anesthetized pigs with 2-10-ms pulses using a 256-element 1.5-MHz HIFU array. A coaxial US imaging probe was used for targeting, tracking skin surface, and monitoring real-time bubble activity. The axial [anterior-posterior (AP)] displacement of the skin surface was found to be synchronous with liver and kidney motion in both cranio-caudal (CC) and AP directions. BH lesions were produced either with no motion mitigation, or with pulse gating, or with 1-D motion compensation. Dimensions of completely fractionated and affected tissue areas were measured histologically. In liver, gating and motion compensation improved fractionation completeness within targeted volumes and reduced off-target tissue damage in AP direction versus no motion mitigation; only gating reduced off-target damage in CC direction. In kidney, gating improved BH completeness in both directions versus no mitigation, but did not affect off-target damage due to lower displacement amplitudes in the kidney comparable with gating tolerance limits. In both liver and kidney, gating increased treatment time by 24%. These results suggest that BH pulse gating using US-based AP skin surface tracking is an adequate approach for treating organs with pronounced 3-D respiratory motion.","journal":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","year":2025,"id":540862,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9616,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":397244,"name":"Gilles Thomas","orcid":"0000-0001-6285-945X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":908864,"name":"Minho Song","orcid":"0000-0002-8563-8462","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1281413,"name":"Yak-Nam Wang","orcid":"0000-0003-0396-6057","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":903856,"name":"Stephanie Totten","orcid":"0000-0001-7443-1768","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404235,"name":"George R. Schade","orcid":"0000-0002-9405-3853","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":397248,"name":"Vera A. Khokhlova","orcid":"0000-0002-2585-8228","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":397245,"name":"Tatiana D. Khokhlova","orcid":"0000-0002-1711-0404","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":419992,"name":"Ekaterina Ponomarchuk","orcid":"0000-0002-6486-2895","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":32,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:52:42.901627Z","pmid":"40202884","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}