{"doi":"10.1109/trpms.2025.3594103","title":"Semi-Monolithic Detectors for TOF-DOI Brain PET: Optimization of Time, Energy, and Positioning Resolutions With Varying Surface Treatments","abstract":"Semi-monolithic detectors, a hybrid configuration combining the benefits of pixelated arrays and monolithic blocks, present a compelling and cost-effective solution for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with both time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) capabilities. In this work, we evaluate four LYSO-based semi-monolithic arrays with various surface treatments, read out with the PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC, to identify the optimal configuration for a novel brain PET scanner. The chosen array, featuring ESR on all surfaces except for the black-painted lateral pixelated ones, achieved 15.9 ± 0.6 % energy resolution and 253 ± 15 ps detector time resolution (DTR). neural network with multilayer perceptron architectures were used to estimate the annihilation photon impact position, yielding average accuracies of 3.7 ± 1.1 mm and 2.6 ± 0.7 mm (FWHM) along the DOI and monolithic directions, respectively. The comparative analysis of the four arrays also prompted an investigation into light sharing in semi-monolithic detectors, supported by a GATE-based simulation framework which was designed to complement the experimental results and confirm the observed trends in time resolution. By refining the detector design based on semi-monolithic geometry and optimized surface crystal treatment to enhance positioning accuracy, this study contributes to the development of a next-generation brain PET scanner, with competitive performance but at a moderate cost.","journal":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","year":2025,"id":545651,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.954,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1079688,"name":"Francis Loignon-Houle","orcid":"0000-0001-8931-2016","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":563705,"name":"David Sánchez","orcid":"0000-0003-1062-5664","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":736400,"name":"Nicolas A. Karakatsanis","orcid":"0000-0001-7326-3053","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1338270,"name":"J. Álamo","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":513384,"name":"Sadek A. Nehmeh","orcid":"0000-0002-3129-5003","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":432757,"name":"Antonio J. González","orcid":"0000-0001-6742-5626","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":894309,"name":"Fiammetta Pagano","orcid":"0000-0001-9938-6799","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:53:23.001995Z","pmid":"41725892","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}