{"doi":"10.1109/plasma.2009.5227689","title":"A tunable continuous-wave 330 GHz gyrotron for enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance","abstract":null,"journal":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science - Abstracts","year":2009,"id":628836,"datarank":0.20794415416798362,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"self_citation_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1628320,"name":"M. A. Shapiro","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1628322,"name":"J. R. Sirigiri","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1628324,"name":"R. J. Temkin","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1628319,"name":"A. C. Torrezan","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"A tunable continuous-wave 330 GHz gyrotron for enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance","abstract":"Summary form only given. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a technique used to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments and requires a continuous-wave (CW) source able to generate ten or more watts of power in the 140 to 600 GHz range, a task well suited for gyrotron oscillators. Besides these requirements, a frequency tunable gyrotron is also highly desirable since it would permit DNP/NMR experiments to be performed without tuning the NMR magnet or with NMR magnets without a superconducting sweep coil. We have performed preliminary tuning experiments in a CW 460 GHz gyrotron that have demonstrated 1 GHz of magnetic/voltage tuning at 460 GHz, second-harmonic mode TE11,2, with a maximum power of 16 W When the magnetic field was reduced, we also obtained at 332 GHz, second-harmonic mode TE4,3, a maximum power of 2.5 W with 1 GHz of tuning. We are now fabricating a CW 330 GHz gyrotron oscillator operating at the second harmonic of the cyclotron frequency that will be integrated to a 500 MHz DNP/NMR spectrometer. The gyrotron is designed to operate in the TE4,3mode, with a 35-mm long cylindrical cavity, radius 1.83 mm. The mode interacts with a 9.5 kV, 100 mA electron beam, radius 1.08 mm, with perpendicular velocity spread of less than 5% and pitch factor of 1.8 according to EGUN simulations. The start oscillation current was computed to be as 32 mA. Self- consistent simulations using the code MAGY estimate a maximum output power of 60 W and a magnetic tuning range of 600 MHz by exciting high order axial modes. Extended tuning range is expected to be obtained by a thermal tuning scheme implemented in the tube. The generated radiation is coupled out of the gyrotron by means of a helical cut launcher and a series of mirrors.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19767382","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2152202337","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2014,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"http://xplorestaging.ieee.org/ielx5/5205181/5227224/05227689.pdf?arnumber=5227689","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2009.5227689","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research","Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Gyrotron","Continuous wave","Magnet","Superconducting magnet","Spectrometer","Nuclear magnetic resonance","Physics","Electromagnetic coil","Harmonic","Atomic physics","Power (physics)","Optics","Laser","Acoustics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-05T15:18:46.480162Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}