{"doi":"10.1109/ius52206.2021.9593797","title":"Modeling of intensity-modulated focused ultrasound in pediatric brain tumors using acoustic holograms","abstract":"Targeted drug delivery to enhance chemotherapy treatments in brain tumors can be achieved by opening the blood-brain barrier in a non-invasive, transient, localized, safe manner by using focused ultrasound (FUS) and microbubbles. However, as brain tumors are large and irregular structures, conventional single-element FUS methods are inefficient because they do not allow large covering. In this study, we numerically showed how 3D-printed acoustic holograms allow to correct the skull aberrations and to produce a large and localized focusing along a pediatric brain tumor. Several targeting configurations were numerically studied aiming to increase the covered tumor volume while reducing the off-target coverage. Fluid-like tissue simulations were performed using the k-space method. We used a 250-kHz single-element device in different configurations (ROC=110 mm, OD=110 or 132 mm, ID=0 or 44 mm), where the optimal setup with lens (OD=132 mm, ID=0 mm) provided a 16 % of tumor coverage compared to the 5 % obtained using the transducer without lens (OD=110 mm, ID=44 mm), while keeping a reduced 0.06 % of off-target coverage. The focal amplitude decreases 1.6 times accordingly to the focus spread. The estimated sonication duration and the number of microbubble injections can be reduced by 3.2 times, defining a time- and cost-efficient approach. The reported approach is simple, low-cost, and feasible to offering personalized, tumor-directed precision FUS treatment, to improve drug delivery for pediatric patients with brain tumors.","journal":null,"year":2021,"id":219575,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9556,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":270521,"name":"Antonios N. Pouliopoulos","orcid":"0000-0002-8891-1495","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270522,"name":"Zachary Englander","orcid":"0000-0001-8544-7490","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":572251,"name":"Nóe Jiménez","orcid":"0000-0002-6539-670X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":572252,"name":"Francisco Camarena","orcid":"0000-0002-6713-1414","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266230,"name":"Elisa E. Konofagou","orcid":"0000-0002-9636-7936","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272738,"name":"Stergios Zacharoulis","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259430,"name":"Cheng–Chia Wu","orcid":"0000-0002-5908-0143","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":572250,"name":"Sergio Jiménez-Gambín","orcid":"0000-0003-4172-8340","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":18,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:53:38.409982Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}