{"doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.80.5243","title":"Real Spectra in Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians Having<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-script\">P</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-script\">T</mml:mi></mml:math>Symmetry","abstract":"The condition of self-adjointness ensures that the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian are real and bounded below. Replacing this condition by the weaker condition of ${\\cal PT}$ symmetry, one obtains new infinite classes of complex Hamiltonians whose spectra are also real and positive. These ${\\cal PT}$ symmetric theories may be viewed as analytic continuations of conventional theories from real to complex phase space. This paper describes the unusual classical and quantum properties of these theories.","journal":"Physical Review Letters","year":1998,"id":633,"datarank":21.032989013094532,"base_score":8.7879833961978,"endowment":8.7879833961978,"self_citation_contribution":1.3181975094296703,"citation_network_contribution":19.714791503664863,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3181975094296703,"citer_contribution":19.714791503664863,"corpus_percentile":93.2,"corpus_rank":1843,"citation_count":6554,"citer_count":190,"citers_with_citation_signal":190,"citers_with_endowment":190,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1998-06-15","authors":[{"id":6300,"name":"Stefan Boettcher","orcid":"0000-0003-1273-6771","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6299,"name":"Carl M. Bender","orcid":"0000-0002-3840-1155","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":8,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}