{"doi":"10.1103/physreve.110.064137","title":"Minimal framework for optimizing vaccination protocols targeting highly mutable pathogens","abstract":"A persistent public health challenge is finding immunization schemes that are effective in combating highly mutable pathogens such as HIV and influenza viruses. To address this, we analyze a simplified model of affinity maturation, the Darwinian evolutionary process B cells undergo during immunization. The vaccination protocol dictates selection forces that steer affinity maturation to generate antibodies. We focus on determining the optimal selection forces exerted by a generic time-dependent vaccination protocol to maximize production of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that can protect against a broad spectrum of pathogen strains. The model lends itself to a path integral representation and operator approximations within a mean-field limit, providing guiding principles for optimizing time-dependent vaccine-induced selection forces to enhance bnAb generation. We compare our analytical mean-field results with the outcomes of stochastic simulations and discuss their similarities and differences.","journal":"Physical review. E","year":2024,"id":459466,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.955,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":989243,"name":"Pranav Murugan","orcid":"0000-0003-2715-0781","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":110109,"name":"Arup K. Chakraborty","orcid":"0000-0003-1268-9602","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":825023,"name":"Mehran Kardar","orcid":"0000-0002-1112-5912","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1286571,"name":"Saeed Mahdisoltani","orcid":"0000-0002-2107-8136","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":60,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:03:59.428859Z","pmid":"38711431","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}