{"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.73.113004","title":"Closing the<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo><mml:mi>L</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>⊗</mml:mo><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>symmetry at the electroweak scale","abstract":null,"journal":"Physical Review D","year":2006,"id":603061,"datarank":0.5533319181170905,"base_score":3.6888794541139363,"endowment":3.6888794541139363,"self_citation_contribution":0.5533319181170905,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5533319181170905,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":39,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1546903,"name":"J. C. Montero","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1546905,"name":"V. Pleitez","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1546901,"name":"Alex G. Dias","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Closing the<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo><mml:mi>L</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>⊗</mml:mo><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>symmetry at the electroweak scale","abstract":"We show that some models with $SU(3{)}_{C}\\ensuremath{\\bigotimes}SU(3{)}_{L}\\ensuremath{\\bigotimes}U(1{)}_{X}$ gauge symmetry can be realized at the electroweak scale and that this is a consequence of an approximate global $SU(2{)}_{L+R}$ symmetry. This symmetry implies a condition among the vacuum expectation value of one of the neutral Higgs scalars, the $U(1{)}_{X}$'s coupling constant, ${g}_{X}$, the sine of the weak mixing angle $\\mathrm{sin}{\\ensuremath{\\theta}}_{W}$, and the mass of the $W$ boson, ${M}_{W}$. In the limit in which this symmetry is valid it avoids the tree level mixing of the $Z$ boson of the standard model with the extra ${Z}^{\\ensuremath{'}}$ boson. We have verified that the oblique $T$ parameter is within the allowed range indicating that the radiative corrections that induce such a mixing at the 1-loop level are small. We also show that a $SU(3{)}_{L+R}$ custodial symmetry implies that in some of the models we have to include sterile (singlets of the 3-3-1 symmetry) right-handed neutrinos with Majorana masses, since the seesaw mechanism is mandatory to obtain light active neutrinos. Moreover, the approximate $SU(2{)}_{L+R}\\ensuremath{\\subset}SU(3{)}_{L+R}$ symmetry implies that the extra nonstandard particles of these 3-3-1 models can be considerably lighter than it had been thought before so that new physics can be really just around the corner.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.6888794541139363,"endowment":3.6888794541139363,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"23304386","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1605522025","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":4.2679,"citation_percentile":0.93379681,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":1},{"year":2013,"count":3},{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2015,"count":2},{"year":2016,"count":4},{"year":2017,"count":5},{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2019,"count":4},{"year":2020,"count":2},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"http://link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.73.113004","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.73.113004","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://link.aps.org/article/10.1103/PhysRevD.73.113004","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.73.113004/fulltext","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.73.113004","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0605051","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11449/23443","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11449/224768","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0605051","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","Neutrino Physics Research","Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Physics","Particle physics","Electroweak interaction","Seesaw mechanism","Higgs boson","Neutrino","Physics beyond the Standard Model","Symmetry breaking","Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","Weinberg angle","Mathematical physics","Lepton","MAJORANA","Quantum mechanics","Gauge (firearms)"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-29T21:00:48.587878Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}