{"doi":"10.1103/physrevb.49.944","title":"Numerical studies of the nonlinear properties of composites","abstract":null,"journal":"Physical Review B","year":1994,"id":669902,"datarank":0.6284482113039639,"base_score":4.189654742026425,"endowment":4.189654742026425,"self_citation_contribution":0.6284482113039639,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6284482113039639,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":65,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1749629,"name":"D. Stroud","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1492015,"name":"X. Zhang","orcid":"0009-0006-6798-1204","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Numerical studies of the nonlinear properties of composites","abstract":"Using both numerical and analytical techniques, we investigate various ways to enhance the cubic nonlinear susceptibility ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{e}}$ of a composite material. We start from the exact relation ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{e}}$ =${\\mathit{tsum}}_{\\mathit{i}}$${\\mathit{p}}_{\\mathit{i}}$${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{i}}$〈(E\\ensuremath{\\cdot}E${)}^{2}$${\\mathrm{〉}}_{\\mathit{i},\\mathrm{l}\\mathrm{i}\\mathrm{n}}$/ ${\\mathit{E}}_{0}^{4}$, where ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{i}}$ and ${\\mathit{p}}_{\\mathit{i}}$ are the cubic nonlinear susceptibility and volume fraction of the ith component, ${\\mathit{E}}_{0}$ is the applied electric field, and 〈${\\mathit{E}}^{4}$${\\mathrm{〉}}_{\\mathit{i},\\mathrm{l}\\mathrm{i}\\mathrm{n}}$ is the expectation value of the electric field in the ith component, calculated in the linear limit where ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{i}}$=0. In our numerical work, we represent the composite by a random resistor or impedance network, calculating the electric-field distributions by a generalized transfer-matrix algorithm. Under certain conditions, we find that ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{e}}$ is greatly enhanced near the percolation threshold. We also find a large enhancement for a linear fractal in a nonlinear host. In a random Drude metal-insulator composite ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{e}}$ is hugely enhanced especially near frequencies which correspond to the surface-plasmon resonance spectrum of the composite. At zero frequency, the random composite results are reasonably well described by a nonlinear effective-medium approximation. The finite-frequency enhancement shows very strong reproducible structure which is nearly undetectable in the linear response of the composite, and which may possibly be described by a generalized nonlinear effective-medium approximation. The fractal results agree qualitatively with a nonlinear differential effective-medium approximation. Finally, we consider a suspension of coated spheres embedded in a host. If the coating is nonlinear, we show that ${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathit{e}}$/${\\mathrm{\\ensuremath{\\chi}}}_{\\mathrm{coat}}$\\ensuremath{\\gg}1 near the surface-plasmon resonance frequency of the core particle.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.189654742026425,"endowment":4.189654742026425,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"10010397","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2082600259","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":6.0717,"citation_percentile":0.97438213,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2016,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://link.aps.org/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.49.944","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevB.49.944/fulltext","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.49.944","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10010397","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Photonic Crystals and Applications","Liquid Crystal Research Advancements","Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Physics","Condensed matter physics","Electric field","Mathematical physics","Quantum mechanics"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-15T08:17:13.820063Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}