{"doi":"10.1101/gr.261248.120","title":"Quantitative analysis of Y-Chromosome gene expression across 36 human tissues","abstract":"Little is known about how human Y-Chromosome gene expression directly contributes to differences between XX (female) and XY (male) individuals in nonreproductive tissues. Here, we analyzed quantitative profiles of Y-Chromosome gene expression across 36 human tissues from hundreds of individuals. Although it is often said that Y-Chromosome genes are lowly expressed outside the testis, we report many instances of elevated Y-Chromosome gene expression in a nonreproductive tissue. A notable example is EIF1AY , which encodes eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A Y-linked, together with its X-linked homolog EIF1AX . Evolutionary loss of a Y-linked microRNA target site enabled up-regulation of EIF1AY , but not of EIF1AX , in the heart. Consequently, this essential translation initiation factor is nearly twice as abundant in male as in female heart tissue at the protein level. Divergence between the X and Y Chromosomes in regulatory sequence can therefore lead to tissue-specific Y-Chromosome-driven sex biases in expression of critical, dosage-sensitive regulatory genes.","journal":"Genome Research","year":2020,"id":118296,"datarank":0.7335523692332632,"base_score":4.890349128221754,"endowment":4.890349128221754,"self_citation_contribution":0.7335523692332632,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7335523692332632,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":132,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9418,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":551215,"name":"Sahin Naqvi","orcid":"0000-0003-2635-7967","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550249,"name":"Lukáš Chmátal","orcid":"0000-0002-0861-9006","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272620,"name":"Joel M. Chick","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550250,"name":"Richard N. Mitchell","orcid":"0000-0002-0329-7618","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107041,"name":"Steven P. Gygi","orcid":"0000-0001-7626-0034","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":65486,"name":"Helen Skaletsky","orcid":"0000-0002-2724-3673","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":183555,"name":"David C. Page","orcid":"0000-0001-5489-6453","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550248,"name":"Alexander K. Godfrey","orcid":"0000-0002-5681-3225","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":87,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:13:58.531532Z","pmid":"32461223","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}