{"doi":"10.1101/2025.11.03.25339401","title":"Cannabis use, microbial diversity, and\n                  <i>Dialister</i>\n                  abundance in older adults with HIV: a cross-sectional study","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People living with HIV (PLWH) frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms linked to dysbiosis, impaired mucosal barrier integrity, and persistent immune activation. Cannabis is widely used for symptom management by PLWH, but its effects on the gut microbiome are unclear.</jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 63 PLWH (mean age 59.4 years; 71.4% Black or Hispanic) enrolled in the Marijuana Associated Planning and Long-term Effects study and its microbiome substudy. Participants provided fecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing. Cannabis use was quantified using a validated Timeline Followback. Alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon index, beta diversity with Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and PERMANOVA, and genus-level abundance using the IFAA method. Models adjusted for sex, age, and education.</jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Higher cannabis consumption was significantly associated with reduced alpha diversity (β = −1.23,\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    =0.038). No significant differences in beta diversity were observed between high and low-to-no groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    =0.35). At the genus level,\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    abundance showed a significant dose-dependent association with cannabis use, with a 14.4% reduction in abundance per 50 mg increase in THC per use-day (q=0.034). Reduced alpha diversity and\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    depletion are notable given links to impaired mucosal barrier integrity, microbial translocation, and systemic immune activation in HIV.\n                  </jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cannabis consumption in PLWH was associated with lower microbial diversity and reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    abundance, a taxon with dual roles in mucosal integrity and gastrointestinal symptom modulation. These findings suggest cannabis may modify HIV-associated dysbiosis, warranting further longitudinal studies to disentangle symptomatic benefits from long-term impacts on mucosal health and systemic inflammation.\n                  </jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>","journal":null,"year":null,"id":615259,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1341077,"name":"Yan Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-7731-8100","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201290,"name":"Zhi Zhou","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1112683,"name":"Mingkai Chen","orcid":"0000-0003-2652-6863","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1585731,"name":"Eric C Porges","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1585733,"name":"Ronald A Cohen","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":432393,"name":"Smita Ghare","orcid":"0009-0005-9627-4843","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353678,"name":"Shirish Barve","orcid":"0009-0008-7833-527X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1585736,"name":"Robert L Cook","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341568,"name":"Zhigang Li","orcid":"0000-0001-8291-3652","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1585729,"name":"Donald D Porchia","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Cannabis use, microbial diversity, and\n                  <i>Dialister</i>\n                  abundance in older adults with HIV: a cross-sectional study","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People living with HIV (PLWH) frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms linked to dysbiosis, impaired mucosal barrier integrity, and persistent immune activation. Cannabis is widely used for symptom management by PLWH, but its effects on the gut microbiome are unclear.</jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 63 PLWH (mean age 59.4 years; 71.4% Black or Hispanic) enrolled in the Marijuana Associated Planning and Long-term Effects study and its microbiome substudy. Participants provided fecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing. Cannabis use was quantified using a validated Timeline Followback. Alpha diversity was estimated using the Shannon index, beta diversity with Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and PERMANOVA, and genus-level abundance using the IFAA method. Models adjusted for sex, age, and education.</jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Higher cannabis consumption was significantly associated with reduced alpha diversity (β = −1.23,\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    =0.038). No significant differences in beta diversity were observed between high and low-to-no groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    =0.35). At the genus level,\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    abundance showed a significant dose-dependent association with cannabis use, with a 14.4% reduction in abundance per 50 mg increase in THC per use-day (q=0.034). Reduced alpha diversity and\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    depletion are notable given links to impaired mucosal barrier integrity, microbial translocation, and systemic immune activation in HIV.\n                  </jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cannabis consumption in PLWH was associated with lower microbial diversity and reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Dialister</jats:italic>\n                    abundance, a taxon with dual roles in mucosal integrity and gastrointestinal symptom modulation. These findings suggest cannabis may modify HIV-associated dysbiosis, warranting further longitudinal studies to disentangle symptomatic benefits from long-term impacts on mucosal health and systemic inflammation.\n                  </jats:p>\n                </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"41282808","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4415881622","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"green","license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/11/04/2025.11.03.25339401.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/11/04/2025.11.03.25339401.full.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2025.11.03.25339401","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.03.25339401","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282808","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12637788","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","Coffee research and impacts","Gastrointestinal motility and disorders"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Cannabis","Abundance (ecology)","Consumption (sociology)","Longitudinal study","Disease","Effects of cannabis","Diversity (politics)"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-02T19:31:46.497823Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}