{"doi":"10.1101/2025.09.11.25334465","title":"Tomato-Soy Juice Reduces Inflammation and Modulates Urinary Metabolome in Adults with Obesity","abstract":"Abstract Scope Chronic, low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of many noncommunicable diseases, including obesity. Diets enriched with tomatoes and soy have been associated with better health outcomes in inflammation-related illnesses, with lycopene and isoflavones considered key bioactive components, respectively. On the basis that whole food combinations may exert greater effects than isolated phytochemicals, we examine the anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of tomato-soy juice compared to a low carotenoid tomato juice control in obesity. Methods and results In a randomized, crossover trial, 12 healthy adults with obesity were provided either tomato-soy juice (54 mg lycopene/d, 189.9 mg isoflavones/d) or a low carotenoid tomato juice (no isoflavones) daily for 4 weeks, then crossed over to the other treatment following a washout period. Plasma carotenoids, cytokines, and the urine metabolome were measured pre- and post-interventions. Plasma lycopene significantly increased by 2.48-fold after tomato-soy intake. IL-5, IL-12p70, and GM-CSF significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and TNF-α trended downward ( P = 0.052) following tomato-soy. Soy isoflavones and their metabolites primarily distinguished post-tomato-soy urine profiles. Both interventions induced some shared metabolomic changes in the urine, indicating tomato-driven effects independent of lycopene. Conclusion Tomato-soy intake reduced some pro-inflammatory cytokines and altered the urine metabolomic profile in adults with obesity, supporting future studies using this functional food product for other inflammation-related conditions.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2025,"id":576235,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9468,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1485175,"name":"J H Miller","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1484787,"name":"Emma A. Bilbrey","orcid":"0000-0002-8145-755X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":792190,"name":"Janet A. Novotny","orcid":"0000-0002-9121-886X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1276798,"name":"David M. Francis","orcid":"0000-0003-2016-1357","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":451407,"name":"Thomas A. Mace","orcid":"0000-0003-1070-6819","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1276799,"name":"Jessica L. Cooperstone","orcid":"0000-0001-7920-0088","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1484786,"name":"Maria Sholola","orcid":"0009-0000-8356-7800","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":209,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:56.636458Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}