{"doi":"10.1101/2025.07.14.25331509","title":"High treatment success among individuals with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Botswana: A retrospective cohort study","abstract":"Background: The study reports on tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes among individuals diagnosed with rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) and assesses predictors associated with treatment outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to analyse treatment outcomes of 162 individuals with RR-TB from 2016 to 2023. Treatment outcome proportions were estimated using the binomial exact method with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Predictors of treatment outcomes were assessed using logistic regression models. Results: Of the 162 individuals, 102 (62.7%) were male with a median age of 39 (interquartile range (IQR): 29-50). Most individuals, 78 (48.1%), were from the Greater Gaborone health district, and 88 (54.3%) were people living with HIV (PLWH). Among these individuals, 137 (84.6%, 95% CI [78.2, 89.7]) were successfully treated. Males had higher odds of unfavourable treatment outcomes compared to females (OR = 1.70; 95% CI [0.73, 3.98]). Among those cured, a slightly higher proportion was observed among PLWH (71.8%, 95% CI [62.1, 80.3]) compared to people not living with HIV (PNLWH) (69.2%, 95% CI [58.7, 78.5]). However, the mortality rate was higher in PLWH (10.7%; 95% CI [5.5, 18.3]) compared to PNLWH (6.6%; 95% CI [2.5, 13.8]). Those with a history of TB treatment had 1.03 odds of unfavourable treatment outcomes (95% CI [0.40, 2.73]); however, this association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows a high success rate of treatment among individuals with RR- TB, with no significant difference based on sex, TB treatment history, or HIV status. Higher mortality among PLWH highlights the need for targeted interventions among high-risk groups.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2025,"id":570335,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8916,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1475648,"name":"Justice Trésor Ngom","orcid":"0000-0001-9437-1483","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":940996,"name":"Ontlametse T. Bareng","orcid":"0009-0005-8147-2193","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1252599,"name":"Johannes Loubser","orcid":"0000-0002-2362-0187","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1318390,"name":"Phenyo Sabone","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475957,"name":"Tuduetso Molefi","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475958,"name":"Topo Makhondo","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475959,"name":"One Stephen","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":393322,"name":"Joseph Makhema","orcid":"0000-0003-0017-2438","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425980,"name":"Rosemary Musonda","orcid":"0009-0009-9937-6908","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475960,"name":"Keabetswe Fane","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425985,"name":"Simani Gaseitsiwe","orcid":"0000-0002-7089-3735","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":89652,"name":"Robin M. Warren","orcid":"0000-0001-5741-7358","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425983,"name":"Sikhulile Moyo","orcid":"0000-0003-3821-4592","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391080,"name":"Anzaan Dippenaar","orcid":"0000-0002-2511-7534","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":594910,"name":"Elizabeth M. Streicher","orcid":"0000-0003-3901-1981","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443982,"name":"Tuelo Mogashoa","orcid":"0000-0003-4156-8746","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":26,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:07.857542Z","pmid":"40791701","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}