{"doi":"10.1101/2025.06.19.660638","title":"Spectral imprint of structural embedding in effective connectivity","abstract":"Neural fluctuations exhibit rich spectral profiles that reflects both local dynamics and structural (or anatomical) embedding. Yet, standard models of resting-state effective connectivity neglect structural embedding and assume uniformity in the timescales of regions' endogenous fluctuations. We introduce a chromatic dynamic causal model (DCM) in which structural valency (or degree) modulates the spectral 'color' of endogenous fluctuations. Specifically, we assume a linear mapping between regional structural valency and the spectral exponent of scale-free auto-spectra. Simulations show this mapping can emerge as a generic consequence of structural embedding under minimal coupling in a non-equilibrium regime. We show chromatic DCM reliably recovers ground-truth parameters across network sizes and noise conditions, outperforming standard spectral DCM. Applied to empirical data, chromatic DCM reveals that valency-exponent mappings vary across a cortical hierarchy, and that its parameters are conserved across a homologous network in humans, macaques, marmosets, and mice. These findings advance a generative account of structure-function coupling and expand the repertoire of biophysical mechanisms available for inference in effective connectivity modeling.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2025,"id":569089,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9526,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1326713,"name":"Leonardo Novelli","orcid":"0000-0002-6081-3367","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":569717,"name":"James C. Pang","orcid":"0000-0002-2461-2760","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":478894,"name":"Alex Fornito","orcid":"0000-0001-9134-480X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":984019,"name":"Adeel Razi","orcid":"0000-0002-0779-9439","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1326712,"name":"Matthew D. Greaves","orcid":"0000-0002-3438-2874","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:56:59.652443Z","pmid":"40667182","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}