{"doi":"10.1101/2025.05.06.651695","title":"In vivo tracking of CAR-T cells in tumors via nanobubble-based contrast enhanced ultrasound","abstract":"Summary CAR-T cell therapy has led to remarkable advances in the outcomes of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), B cell lymphomas, and multiple myeloma. Given these successes in hematologic malignancies, extensive efforts are now focused on developing CAR-T cell therapies for the treatment of solid tumors. The treatment of solid tumors poses significant hurdles with cell trafficking that is necessary to achieve efficacy and minimize off-tumor side effects. The development of simple, safe and inexpensive modalities to track CAR-T cell distribution in humans could provide critical insights to facilitate the development of improved CAR-T products for solid tumors. Here we demonstrate a strategy to monitor CAR-T cells in vivo using ultrasound imaging and nanobubble (NB) labeled cells. NBs are ultrasound contrast agents composed of a lipid shell and a C 4 F 10 gas core that can be efficiently internalized into cells. This approach enables us to image the CAR-T cells using nonlinear contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Utilizing this method, we found that CAR-T cells can be visualized after injection into both tumor bearing and non-tumor bearing mice. In summary, our ultrasound-based tracking approach can effectively monitor the trafficking of CAR-T cells in vivo , offering a valuable new strategy that can further enable the development of new CAR-T products and strategies to modulate cell trafficking.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2025,"id":556271,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9517,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1455571,"name":"Jude Franklin","orcid":"0000-0003-4276-487X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":296385,"name":"Reshani Perera","orcid":"0000-0002-7856-0484","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":781359,"name":"Zachary Jackson","orcid":"0000-0003-3655-8279","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1455981,"name":"Hosahalli Vasanna","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353755,"name":"Michael C. Kolios","orcid":"0000-0002-9994-8293","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":598105,"name":"David N. Wald","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":296390,"name":"Agata A. Exner","orcid":"0000-0003-3913-7066","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1209159,"name":"Dorian Durig","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:55:08.896385Z","pmid":"40654757","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}