{"doi":"10.1101/2024.10.27.620437","title":"Restoring the Multiple Sclerosis Associated Imbalance of Gut Indole Metabolites Promotes Remyelination and Suppresses Neuroinflammation","abstract":"Abstract In multiple sclerosis (MS) the circulating metabolome is dysregulated, with indole lactate (ILA) being one of the most significantly reduced metabolites. We demonstrate that oral supplementation of ILA impacts key MS disease processes in two preclinical models. ILA reduces neuroinflammation by dampening immune cell activation as well as infiltration; and promotes remyelination and in vitro oligodendrocyte differentiation through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Supplementation of ILA, a reductive indole metabolite, restores the gut microbiome’s oxidative/reductive metabolic balance by lowering circulating indole acetate (IAA), an oxidative indole metabolite, that blocks remyelination and oligodendrocyte maturation. The ILA-induced reduction in circulating IAA is linked to changes in IAA-producing gut microbiota taxa and pathways that are also dysregulated in MS. Notably, a lower ILA:IAA ratio correlates with worse MS outcomes. Overall, these findings identify ILA as a potential anti-inflammatory remyelinating agent and provide insights into the role of gut dysbiosis-related metabolic alterations in MS progression. One Sentence Summary Indole lactate, a postbiotic metabolite reduced in MS, corrects gut microbiome metabolic imbalances associated with remyelination and neuroinflammation.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2024,"id":484958,"datarank":0.3633384898792811,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.05142225862730565,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.05142225862730565,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":7,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9487,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1327573,"name":"Saumitra Sen Singh","orcid":"0000-0003-4083-6681","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":399763,"name":"Judy Lee","orcid":"0000-0001-9862-3502","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":633534,"name":"Asmita Dhukhwa","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1327574,"name":"Fatemeh Siavoshi","orcid":"0000-0002-8562-9523","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1256355,"name":"Deepika Joshi","orcid":"0000-0002-5224-2808","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1301303,"name":"Veronica Minney","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1327575,"name":"K Gupta","orcid":"0000-0002-9636-2350","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":866239,"name":"Sudeep Ghimire","orcid":"0000-0001-7769-7764","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":388375,"name":"Pragney Deme","orcid":"0000-0001-9117-891X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":899817,"name":"Vinícius Andreoli Schoeps","orcid":"0000-0001-8875-0567","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":6473,"name":"Karthik Soman","orcid":"0000-0002-3490-9306","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":935756,"name":"Dimitrios C. 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