{"doi":"10.1101/2024.05.17.24307553","title":"Human genetics implicate thromboembolism in the pathogenesis of long COVID in individuals of European ancestry","abstract":"Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in long COVID, characterized by post-acute symptoms from multiple organs. Current hypotheses on mechanisms underlying long COVID include persistent inflammation and thromboembolism; however, compelling evidence from humans is limited and causal associations remain unclear. Here, we tested the association of thromboembolism-related genetic variants with long COVID in the Long COVID Host Genetics Initiative ( n cases =3,018; n controls =994,582). Primary analyses revealed that each unit increase in the log-odds of genetically predicted venous thromboembolism risk was associated with 1.21-fold odds of long COVID (95%CI: 1.08-1.35; P =1.2×10 -3 ). This association was independent of acute COVID-19 severity, robust across genetic instruments and methods, and replicated in external datasets for both venous thromboembolism and long COVID. Downstream analyses using gene-specific instruments, along with protein and gene expression data, suggested the protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) as a potential molecular contributor to long COVID. These findings provide human genetic evidence implicating thromboembolism in long COVID pathogenesis.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2024,"id":490957,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":1,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9564,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1336403,"name":"Andreas Verstraete","orcid":"0000-0003-2121-4713","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":984268,"name":"Vilma Lammi","orcid":"0000-0002-3256-5239","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267235,"name":"Tomoko Nakanishi","orcid":"0000-0001-9510-5646","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":700293,"name":"Maddalena Ardissino","orcid":"0000-0002-2654-8117","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":535198,"name":"Jef Van den Eynde","orcid":"0000-0002-5606-376X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":623964,"name":"Benjamin B. 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Lewandowski","orcid":"0000-0002-4978-8965","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":624103,"name":"Betty Raman","orcid":"0000-0002-1239-9608","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":424253,"name":"Hugo Zeberg","orcid":"0000-0001-7118-1249","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":555476,"name":"Hanna M. Ollila","orcid":"0000-0002-5302-6429","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":78822,"name":"Stephen Burgess","orcid":"0000-0001-5365-8760","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":24665,"name":"Pradeep Natarajan","orcid":"0000-0001-8402-7435","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":373536,"name":"Michael C. 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