{"doi":"10.1101/2023.10.27.23297675","title":"Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study","abstract":"Abstract Background Both cognitive and non-cognitive (e.g., traits like curiosity) factors are critical for social and emotional functioning and independently predict educational attainment. These factors are heritable and genetically correlated with a range of health-relevant traits and behaviors in adulthood (e.g., risk-taking, psychopathology). However, whether these associations are present during adolescence, and to what extent these relationships diverge, could have implications for adolescent health and well-being. Methods Using data from 5,517 youth of European ancestry from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development SM Study, we examined associations between polygenic scores (PGS) for cognitive and non-cognitive factors and outcomes related to cognition, socioeconomic status, risk tolerance and decision-making, substance initiation, psychopathology, and brain structure. Results Cognitive and non-cognitive PGSs were both positively associated with cognitive performance and family income, and negatively associated with ADHD and severity of psychotic-like experiences. The cognitive PGS was also associated with greater risk-taking, delayed discounting, and anorexia, as well as lower likelihood of nicotine initiation. The cognitive PGS was further associated with cognition scores and anorexia in within-sibling analyses, suggesting these results do not solely reflect the effects of assortative mating or passive gene-environment correlations. The cognitive PGS showed significantly stronger associations with cortical volumes than the non-cognitive PGS and was associated with right hemisphere caudal anterior cingulate and pars-orbitalis in within-sibling analyses, while the non-cognitive PGS showed stronger associations with white matter fractional anisotropy and a significant within-sibling association for right superior corticostriate-frontal cortex. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PGSs for cognitive and non-cognitive factors show similar associations with cognition and socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial outcomes, but distinct associations with regional neural phenotypes in this adolescent sample.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2023,"id":395293,"datarank":0.20794415416798362,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"self_citation_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9596,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":230693,"name":"Sarah E. Paul","orcid":"0000-0003-0320-7907","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1013136,"name":"Alex P. Miller","orcid":"0000-0001-9163-8947","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230695,"name":"David A. A. Baranger","orcid":"0000-0002-6659-357X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943087,"name":"Shuyu Lin","orcid":"0000-0002-5248-6124","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":808021,"name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-6428-2033","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370025,"name":"Nourhan M. Elsayed","orcid":"0000-0002-9229-0417","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":779645,"name":"Hailey Modi","orcid":"0000-0001-6177-9087","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1170578,"name":"Pooja Addala","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":458425,"name":"Janine Bijsterbosch","orcid":"0000-0002-1385-9178","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232787,"name":"Deanna M. Barch","orcid":"0000-0003-1693-8506","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232781,"name":"Nicole R. Karcher","orcid":"0000-0001-5887-5529","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230692,"name":"Alexander S. Hatoum","orcid":"0000-0002-8002-7267","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230004,"name":"Arpana Agrawal","orcid":"0000-0002-0313-793X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232788,"name":"Ryan Bogdan","orcid":"0000-0002-1430-1045","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230001,"name":"Emma C. Johnson","orcid":"0000-0003-0394-777X","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1011446,"name":"Aaron J. Gorelik","orcid":"0000-0002-2589-1220","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":75,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:19:18.686170Z","pmid":"37961716","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}