{"doi":"10.1101/2023.08.09.23293795","title":"Assessing clinical acuity in the Emergency Department using the GPT-3.5 Artificial Intelligence Model","abstract":"This paper evaluates the performance of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT; GPT-3.5) in accurately identifying higher acuity patients in a real-world clinical context. Using a dataset of 10,000 pairs of patient Emergency Department (ED) visits with varying acuity levels, we demonstrate that GPT-3.5 can successfully determine the patient with higher acuity based on clinical history sections extracted from ED physician notes. The model achieves an accuracy of 84% and an F1 score of 0.83, with improved performance for more disparate acuity scores. Among the 500 pair subsample that was also manually classified by a resident physician, GPT-3.5 achieved similar performance (Accuracy = 0.84; F1 score = 0.85) compared to the physician (Accuracy = 0.86, F1 score = 0.87). Our results suggest that, in real-world settings, GPT-3.5 can perform comparably to physicians on the clinical reasoning task of ED acuity determination.","journal":null,"year":2023,"id":1236,"datarank":0.31191623125197543,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.0439,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-08-13","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":4620,"name":"Travis Zack","orcid":"0000-0002-1620-6455","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3067,"name":"Brenda Y. Miao","orcid":"0000-0002-3393-9837","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3066,"name":"Madhumita Sushil","orcid":"0000-0001-7884-0526","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3065,"name":"Michelle Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-3207-1490","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":51,"name":"Atul Janardhan Butte","orcid":"0000-0002-7433-2740","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3412,"name":"Christopher Y. K. Williams","orcid":"0000-0001-8867-1623","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":8,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}