{"doi":"10.1101/2023.03.19.533190","title":"Mechanisms of transcription control by distal enhancers from high-resolution single-gene imaging","abstract":"How distal enhancers physically control promoters over large genomic distances, to enable cell-type specific gene expression, remains obscure. Using single-gene super-resolution imaging and acute targeted perturbations, we define physical parameters of enhancer-promoter communication and elucidate processes that underlie target gene activation. Productive enhancer-promoter encounters happen at 3D distances δ200 nm - a spatial scale corresponding to unexpected enhancer-associated clusters of general transcription factor (GTF) components of the Pol II machinery. Distal activation is achieved by increasing transcriptional bursting frequency, a process facilitated by embedding a promoter into such GTF clusters and by accelerating an underlying multi-step cascade comprising early phases in the Pol II transcription cycle. These findings help clarify molecular/biochemical signals involved in long-range activation and their means of transmission from enhancer to promoter.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2023,"id":389488,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":33,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9462,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1160660,"name":"Chayan De","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":578713,"name":"Jieru Li","orcid":"0000-0003-1890-975X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":369780,"name":"Alexandros Pertsinidis","orcid":"0000-0001-7855-2794","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1159864,"name":"Lingling Cheng","orcid":"0000-0002-6563-507X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:18:27.054415Z","pmid":"36993179","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}