{"doi":"10.1101/2022.12.19.22283664","title":"Alterations of the upper respiratory microbiome among children living with HIV infection in Botswana","abstract":"ABSTRACT Children living with HIV (CLWH) are at high risk of colonization and infection by bacterial respiratory pathogens, though this risk can be reduced by other microbes in the upper respiratory microbiome. The impact of HIV infection on development of the upper respiratory microbiome during childhood is poorly understood, and we sought to address this knowledge gap by identifying associations between HIV infection and the nasopharyngeal microbiomes of children in Botswana. We enrolled Batswana CLWH (<5 years) and age- and sex-matched HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children in a cross-sectional study. We used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to compare the nasopharyngeal microbiomes of children by HIV status. Among the 143 children in this study, HIV infection and HIV-associated immunosuppression were associated with alterations in nasopharyngeal microbiome composition, including lower abundances of Corynebacterium species associated with respiratory health. These findings suggest that the upper respiratory microbiome may contribute to the high risk of bacterial respiratory infections among CLWH.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2022,"id":302338,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9564,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":994328,"name":"John Farirai","orcid":"0000-0002-7477-8371","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":671395,"name":"Mohamed Z. Patel","orcid":"0000-0002-4317-4284","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420333,"name":"Sefelani Boiditswe","orcid":"0000-0003-0382-4243","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410995,"name":"Leabaneng Tawe","orcid":"0000-0001-9034-2474","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":994703,"name":"Shimane Lekalake","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231144,"name":"Mogomotsi Matshaba","orcid":"0000-0002-6441-1218","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416596,"name":"Andrew P. Steenhoff","orcid":"0000-0001-9002-8207","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410934,"name":"Tonya Arscott‐Mills","orcid":"0000-0002-7873-9871","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420331,"name":"Kristen A. Feemster","orcid":"0000-0003-0822-5688","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91698,"name":"Samir S. Shah","orcid":"0000-0001-7902-7000","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468963,"name":"Nathan M. Thielman","orcid":"0000-0001-8152-2879","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325730,"name":"Coleen K. Cunningham","orcid":"0000-0002-7725-3052","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":44561,"name":"Lawrence A. David","orcid":"0000-0002-3570-4767","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":486638,"name":"David M. Murdoch","orcid":"0000-0001-7201-7950","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":322359,"name":"Matthew S. Kelly","orcid":"0000-0001-8819-2315","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420332,"name":"Sweta Patel","orcid":"0000-0001-7867-7706","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:32:16.279991Z","pmid":"40463520","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}