{"doi":"10.1101/2022.11.16.516758","title":"Dynamic traction force measurements of migrating immune cells in 3D matrices","abstract":"Immune cells such as natural killer (NK) cells migrate with high speeds of several µm/min through dense tissue, but the traction forces are unknown. We present a method to measure dynamic traction forces of fast migrating cells in non-linear biopolymer matrices. The method accounts for the mechanical non-linearity of the 3D tissue matrix and can be applied to time series of confocal or bright-field image stacks. The method is highly sensitive over a large range of forces and object sizes, from ∼1 nN for axon growth cones up to ∼10 µN for mouse intestinal organoids. We find that NK cells display bursts of large traction forces that increase with matrix stiffness and facilitate migration through tight constrictions.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":297807,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9553,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":640210,"name":"Mar Cóndor","orcid":"0000-0002-8656-7846","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986905,"name":"Lars Bischof","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290318,"name":"Tina Czerwinski","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986349,"name":"Niklas Gampl","orcid":"0009-0002-1392-0108","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986906,"name":"Phuong A. Ngo","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986350,"name":"Andreas Bauer","orcid":"0000-0001-7520-4575","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288668,"name":"Caroline Voskens","orcid":"0000-0001-9398-005X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986351,"name":"Rocío López-Posadas","orcid":"0000-0002-2398-5864","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":986352,"name":"Kristian Franze","orcid":"0000-0002-8425-7297","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":360728,"name":"Silvia Budday","orcid":"0000-0002-7072-8174","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288659,"name":"Christoph Mark","orcid":"0000-0002-8612-6469","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288667,"name":"Ben Fabry","orcid":"0000-0003-1737-0465","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299720,"name":"Richard Gerum","orcid":"0000-0001-5893-2650","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299719,"name":"David Böhringer","orcid":"0000-0002-3880-4069","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":55,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:31:31.270564Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}