{"doi":"10.1101/2022.10.03.510711","title":"Evolutionary and biomedical implications of sex differences in the primate brain transcriptome","abstract":"Humans exhibit sex differences in the prevalence of many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions. To better understand the translatability of a critical nonhuman primate model, the rhesus macaque, we generated one of the largest multibrain region bulk transcriptional datasets for this species and characterized sex-biased gene expression patterns. We demonstrate that these patterns are similar to those in humans and are associated with overlapping regulatory mechanisms, biological processes, and genes implicated in sex-biased human disorders, including autism. We also show that sex-biased genes exhibit greater genetic variance for expression and more tissue-specific expression patterns, which may facilitate the rapid evolution of sex-biased genes. Our findings provide insights into the biological mechanisms underlying sex-biased disease and validate the rhesus macaque model for the study of these conditions.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":298863,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9123,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":267895,"name":"Kenneth L. Chiou","orcid":"0000-0001-7247-4107","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638460,"name":"Camille Testard","orcid":"0000-0003-2188-395X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":556515,"name":"Arianne Mercer","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":714358,"name":"Josué E. Negrón-Del Valle","orcid":"0000-0002-8506-1069","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":639443,"name":"Samuel E. Bauman Surratt","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225365,"name":"Olga González","orcid":"0000-0002-6447-9183","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638244,"name":"Michala K. Stock","orcid":"0000-0002-1777-4147","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267901,"name":"Angelina Ruíz-Lambides","orcid":"0000-0003-0733-4110","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267902,"name":"Melween I. Martínez","orcid":"0000-0003-1030-9506","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638248,"name":"Susan C. Antón","orcid":"0000-0003-2253-6650","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":714359,"name":"Christopher S. Walker","orcid":"0000-0002-5173-2784","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":110370,"name":"Jérôme Sallet","orcid":"0000-0002-7878-0209","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":604747,"name":"Melissa Wilson","orcid":"0000-0002-5391-7838","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267903,"name":"Lauren J. N. Brent","orcid":"0000-0002-1202-1939","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":267896,"name":"Michael J. Montague","orcid":"0000-0003-0253-4404","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303677,"name":"Chet C. Sherwood","orcid":"0000-0001-6711-449X","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246475,"name":"Michael L. Platt","orcid":"0000-0003-3912-8821","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250515,"name":"James P. Higham","orcid":"0000-0002-1133-2030","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109246,"name":"Noah Snyder‐Mackler","orcid":"0000-0003-3026-6160","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409055,"name":"Alex R. DeCasien","orcid":"0000-0002-6205-5408","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":101,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:31:40.528568Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}