{"doi":"10.1101/2022.09.19.508437","title":"Widespread, perception-related information in the human brain scales with levels of consciousness","abstract":"Summary How does the human brain generate coherent, subjective perceptions—transforming yellow and oblong visual sensory information into the perception of an edible banana 1 ? This is a hard problem. The standard viewpoint posits that anatomical and functional networks integrate local, specialized processing across the brain to somehow construct unique percepts. Here, we provide evidence for a novel organizational concept by uncovering task-specific information distributed across the human brain. First, we show that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can uncover task-specific information throughout the neocortex, even across voxels traditionally discarded as “noise” (t-statistics ≈ 0), challenging the sensitivity of traditional linear, univariate analytical approaches. Remarkably, task-specific signals could also be uncovered from across-subject variances and were ubiquitous even in the subcortex and cerebellum. Finally, we show that the widespread signal in regions remote from a task’s primary and secondary sensory cortices depends on the level of sedation, suggesting it is related to perception † rather than sensory stimulus encoding. We hypothesize that these widespread, task-specific, and consciousness level-dependent signals may be the basis for coherent, subjective perceptions.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":311453,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9439,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":526817,"name":"Rami Jabakhanji","orcid":"0000-0002-9100-5071","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":646376,"name":"Paulo Branco","orcid":"0000-0002-9425-046X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":896380,"name":"Gian Domenico Iannetti","orcid":"0000-0002-4364-2068","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":441692,"name":"Marwan N. Baliki","orcid":"0000-0003-3766-9720","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":441694,"name":"A. Vania Apkarian","orcid":"0000-0002-9788-7458","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":441691,"name":"Andrew D. Vigotsky","orcid":"0000-0003-3166-0688","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:33:28.480200Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}