{"doi":"10.1101/2022.05.09.491179","title":"Adenovirus-Vectored SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Expressing S1-N Fusion Protein","abstract":"Abstract Additional COVID-19 vaccines that are safe, easy to manufacture, and immunogenic are needed for global vaccine equity. Here, we developed a recombinant type 5 adenovirus vector encoding for the SARS-CoV-2-S1 subunit antigen and nucleocapsid as a fusion protein (Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N) delivered to BALB/c mice through multiple vaccine administration routes. A single subcutaneous (S.C.) immunization with Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N induced a similar humoral response, along with a significantly higher S1-specific cellular response, as a recombinant type 5 adenovirus vector encoding for S1 alone (Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1). Immunogenicity was improved by homologous prime boost strategies, using either S.C. or intranasal (I.N.) delivery of Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N, and further improved through heterologous prime boost, with traditional intramuscular (I.M.) injection, using subunit recombinant S1 protein. Priming with low dose (1×10 10 v.p.) of Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N and boosting with either wildtype recombinant rS1 or B.1.351 recombinant rS1 induced a robust neutralizing response, that was sustained against immune evasive Beta and Gamma SARS-CoV-2 variants, along with a long-lived plasma cell response in the bone marrow 29 weeks post vaccination. This novel Ad5-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate showed promising immunogenicity in mice and supports the further development of COVID-19 based vaccines incorporating the nucleoprotein as a target antigen.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":304127,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9556,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":345555,"name":"Eun Ran Kim","orcid":"0000-0002-0495-2565","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":668549,"name":"Alex McPherson","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237067,"name":"Florian Weisel","orcid":"0000-0002-8679-9241","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":228846,"name":"Shaohua Huang","orcid":"0000-0003-2407-949X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":229925,"name":"Thomas W. Kenniston","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628141,"name":"Elena Percivalle","orcid":"0000-0002-3355-1410","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628140,"name":"Irene Cassaniti","orcid":"0000-0002-3385-2088","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628158,"name":"Fausto Baldanti","orcid":"0000-0002-3358-8969","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":667703,"name":"Marlies Meisel","orcid":"0000-0001-5156-8067","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":228853,"name":"Andrea Gambotto","orcid":"0000-0001-8154-7419","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":915307,"name":"Muhammad S. Khan","orcid":"0000-0002-2783-7236","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":76,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:32:28.468841Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}