{"doi":"10.1101/2022.02.03.479004","title":"High-performance Flexible Microelectrode Array with PEDOT:PSS Coated 3D Micro-cones for Electromyographic Recording","abstract":"Abstract High signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) electromyography (EMG) recordings are essential for identifying and analyzing single motor unit activity. While high-density electrodes allow for greater spatial resolution, the smaller electrode area translates to a higher impedance and lower SNR. In this study, we developed an implantable and flexible 3D microelectrode array (MEA) with low impedance that enables high-quality EMG recording. With polyimide micro-cones realized by standard photolithography process and PEDOT:PSS coating, this design can increase effective surface area by up to 250% and significantly improve electrical performance for electrode sites with various geometric surface areas, where the electrode impedance is at most improved by 99.3%. Acute EMG activity from mice was recorded by implanting the electrodes in vivo , and we were able to detect multiple individual motor units simultaneously and with high resolution (SNR ≫ 100). The charge storage capacity was measured to be 34.2 mC/cm 2 , indicating suitability of the electrodes for stimulation applications as well.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":300895,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9485,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":399593,"name":"Muneeb Zia","orcid":"0000-0001-7734-5670","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":985432,"name":"Matthew J. Williams","orcid":"0000-0001-8704-0133","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":211641,"name":"Amanda Jacob","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":399594,"name":"Bryce Chung","orcid":"0000-0002-4220-5026","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":211643,"name":"Samuel J. Sober","orcid":"0000-0002-1140-7469","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":399595,"name":"Muhannad S. Bakir","orcid":"0000-0002-0380-0842","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345928,"name":"Jiaao Lu","orcid":"0000-0002-7973-1679","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":16,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:31:57.812980Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}