{"doi":"10.1101/2022.02.01.478688","title":"New efficient intercellular spread mode of respiratory syncytial virus contributes to neutralization escape and persistence","abstract":"Summary There is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic antibody for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The induction of high-titer, potent neutralizing antibodies cannot completely inhibit breakthrough infection and enhanced respiratory disease (ERD), encouraging a focus on the relationship between virus intercellular spread and neutralizing antibodies. By blocking the known intercellular spread modes and with the aid of ultrahigh-resolution imaging, we observed a new efficient mode of intercellular spread in which RSV-infected cells directly transfer viral materials (including viral replication factories) to neighboring cells through protruding open-ended microfilament-rich intercellular nanotubes. The new mode is virion-independent and antibody-insensitive, beginning as early as 3 h post infection. Furthermore, replication-defective viral genomes (DVGs) might also utilize the new mode, facilitating the establishment of latent viral infections. Therefore, our data provide a new perspective on RSV cell-to-cell spread and might help to explain the immune escape and latent persistence of paramyxoviruses.","journal":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","year":2022,"id":305748,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9572,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":681304,"name":"Xue Lin","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1000109,"name":"Lu-Jing Zhang","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":838943,"name":"Li Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-8013-5508","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":999863,"name":"Yongpeng Sun","orcid":"0000-0003-3836-5083","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1000110,"name":"Jun-Yu Si","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57115,"name":"Min Zhao","orcid":"0000-0002-5418-7275","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":999864,"name":"Guanghua Wu","orcid":"0000-0002-5327-2881","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1000111,"name":"Lu-Ting Zhan","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":354529,"name":"Ying-Bin Wang","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345205,"name":"Ningshao Xia","orcid":"0000-0003-0179-5266","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":352531,"name":"Zizheng Zheng","orcid":"0000-0003-0099-4212","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":999862,"name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-7462-8763","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":39,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:32:44.983506Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}