{"doi":"10.1101/2022.01.26.22269819","title":"Comparison of total and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies against omicron and other variants in paired samples after two or three doses of mRNA vaccine","abstract":"Recognizing that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels wane over time following the 2-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA series, the FDA approved a booster dose for people greater than 12 years old. Limited data exist on whether a booster dose of the mRNA vaccine results in greater antibody protection than the primary series. We examined total and neutralizing antibodies to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, and neutralizing antibodies against Washington-1 (WA-1) and variants of concern (VOC) including Beta, Delta and Omicron in a longitudinal cohort. Healthcare workers (HWs) were included in the analysis if serum was collected 1) within 14-44 days post-dose2 of an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Timepoint 1, TP1), or 2) at least 8 months post-dose2 (Timepoint 2, TP2), or 3) within 14-44 days following mRNA booster (Timepoint 3, TP3). HWs with prior covid-positive PCR were excluded. We found that there is little to no neutralizing capability following a 2-dose mRNA vaccine series against the omicron variant, and neutralizing capacity to any variant strain tested has been lost by 8-months post two-dose vaccination series. However, the mRNA booster series eliminates the immune escape observed by the omicron variant with the two-dose series. Neutralizing titers were significantly higher for all variants post-boost compared to the titers post two-dose series. The longitudinal nature of our cohort facilitated the analysis of paired samples pre and post boost, showing a greater than 15-fold increase in neutralization against omicron post-boost in these paired samples. An mRNA booster dose provides greater quantity and quality of antibodies compared to a two-dose regimen and is critical to provide any protection against the omicron variant.","journal":"medRxiv","year":2022,"id":296967,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9518,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":632867,"name":"Shaoming Xiao","orcid":"0000-0002-8842-8209","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":632868,"name":"Emily Egbert","orcid":"0000-0002-9093-1778","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108424,"name":"Patrizio Caturegli","orcid":"0000-0001-6768-6308","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":805202,"name":"Ioannis Sitaras","orcid":"0000-0003-0161-8024","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227501,"name":"Andrew Pekosz","orcid":"0000-0003-3248-1761","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250757,"name":"Aaron M. Milstone","orcid":"0000-0001-8498-8682","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506164,"name":"Amanda K. Debes","orcid":"0000-0003-4006-073X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":9,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:31:21.257700Z","pmid":"35132427","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}